Bribery and Fraud - Definitions and Interpretations
What is bribery?
Bribery is the offering, promising, giving, requesting, or accepting of a financial or other advantage with the intention to induce or reward improper performance.
What is fraud?
Fraud is an act or omission made with the intent of making financial or property gain (or causing financial or property loss) through dishonestly making false representations, or dishonestly failing to disclose information where there is a legal duty to do so, or abusing a position of trust.
Who are 'associated persons'?
Any person, company, other organization or legal entity that performs a service in the University’s name, represents the University in an official capacity, acts on its behalf or acts in place of other University staff or representatives.
What are facilitation payments?
Payments to a public official intended to secure or expedite routine or necessary government or official action.
What are public officials?
A public official is anyone in a position of official authority that is conferred by a state, i.e. someone who holds a legislative, administrative, or judicial position of any kind, whether appointed or elected.
What is an appropriate gift or hospitality?
Appropriate gifts and hospitality have an acceptable form and value that is proportionate to the circumstances; they are offered openly, with legitimate intent and no specific expectation of return but are equivalent to what might be provided in return; their exchange should not be a cause for concern if published in the public domain.