Special Regulations

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Bachelor of Philosophy

Philosophy

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Philosophy are as follows:

1. Candidates will be required to attend the B.Phil. Pro-seminar in Michaelmas and Hilary Terms of the first year of their studies (i.e. the year in which their names are first entered on the Register of B.Phil. students). In addition, candidates will be required to attend two graduate classes in each of the first four terms of their studies.
2. Candidates will be examined by submitting:
1. (A) Seven essays of no more than 5,000 words each, in conformity with the following distribution requirement. Each essay will be assigned to a subject; the seven essays must cover at least five subjects, with no more than two essays on any one subject. One essay must be on a subject from Group 1 (Theoretical Philosophy), one on a subject from Group 2 (Practical Philosophy) and two on a subject or subjects from Group 3 (History of Philosophy), of which at least one must be concerned with philosophy written before 1800. The remaining three essays may be assigned to subjects in any of the three Groups, provided that the distribution requirement above is met. The list of approved subjects in each Group will be published at the beginning of each academic year in the Course Handbook. In exceptional circumstances, students may request to have one or more elements of the distribution requirement waived. Candidates wishing to do this must seek approval from the Graduate Studies Committee in Philosophy as soon as they decide they would like to do so, and in any case no later than the Friday of the noughth week of the Michaelmas Full Term of their second year of study. Any such application must be supported by the relevant B.Phil. Course Coordinator.
2. (B) A thesis of not more than 30,000 words, exclusive of bibliographical references, on a subject proposed by the candidate in consultation with his or her supervisor, and approved by the Graduate Studies Committee in Philosophy.
3. Topics for the essays will be chosen by the candidates. Candidates may offer up to two essays on at most one subject not included in the list of approved subjects in the Handbook. Candidates wishing to offer an essay or essays on a subject not on the prescribed list must seek approval for the proposed subject from the Graduate Studies Committee in Philosophy as soon as they decide they would like to offer it, and in any case no later than Friday of the fifth week of the Trinity Full Term of the first year of their studies. Any such application must be supported by the relevant B.Phil. Course Coordinator. Where a subject is approved by the Graduate Studies Committee in Philosophy, the Committee will assign it to one of Groups 1-3.
4. Candidates must inform the Graduate Studies Committee in Philosophy of their thesis title and abstract as soon as they have made their decisions and in any case not later than Friday of the eighth week of Trinity Full Term of the first year of their studies. Requests for permission to change the thesis title must be submitted for approval, with the support of the candidate's supervisor, to the Director of Graduate Studies in Philosophy as soon as the candidate has decided to seek such permission.
5. Two printed copies of each essay must be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG, by 10 a.m. on the Wednesdays of the following weeks. In the first year of study, one essay is due in noughth week of Hilary Term and two essays are due in noughth week of Trinity Term. In the second year of study, two essays are due in each of the noughth weeks of Michaelmas and Hilary Terms. Candidates must give notice of the subject of each essay and the Group to which it will be assigned in accordance with the procedures and deadlines specified in the Course Handbook.
6. The thesis must be delivered to the Examination Schools, of the above address, by 10 a.m. on Wednesday of the eighth week of Trinity Full Term in the second year of study. The thesis must be accompanied by a brief abstract and a statement of the number of words it contains (exclusive of bibliographical references). A penalty may be imposed on any thesis that exceeds the word limit. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Bodleian Library.
7. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.
8. Candidates who fail up to two essays will be permitted to resubmit those essays at any of the subsequent essay submission dates during the first or second year of their studies, or at the thesis submission date in their second year. A resubmitted essay may be on a new topic, and may be on a new subject, provided that the distribution requirement is met. Candidates who fail the thesis but who receive passing marks on all their essays will be permitted to resubmit an amended or different thesis by 10 a.m. on Wednesday of noughth week of the Hilary Term of the year following the whole examination. Candidates who fail three or more essays or two or more essays and the thesis will be permitted to resubmit work for the failed elements of the examination in the following academic year (or over four terms for candidates who fail more than five essays or more than four essays and the thesis). Candidates need only resubmit work for those elements of the Examination that they failed, but no resubmitted essay or thesis can receive a mark of more than 60. Candidates who fail to satisfy the examiners a second time in any part of the examination may not resubmit work for any part of the examination on any subsequent occasion.

Master of Philosophy

Archaeology

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

Within the Division of Social Sciences, the course shall be administered by the Committee for the School of Archaeology. The regulations made are as follows:

1. Candidates for admission must apply to the Committee for the School of Archaeology. They will be required to produce evidence of their appropriate qualifications for the proposed course including their suitable proficiency in relevant ancient or modern languages.
2. Candidates must follow for six terms a course of instruction in Archaeology. During their first year, candidates must attend the core course component seminars.
3. The registration of candidates will lapse from the Register of M.Phil students on the last day of the Trinity Full Term in the academic year after that in which their name is first entered in it, unless the committee decides otherwise.
4. All candidates are required:
1. (a) to satisfy the examiners in a Qualifying Examination identical with that for the degree of Master of Studies in Archaeology and governed by regulations 5-9 for that degree, in the Trinity Full Term of the academic year in which their name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil students except that under regulation 5(b) of that degree a 10,000 word dissertation may not normally be offered in place of one of the subject options and must be examined by two pre-set essays or by a three-hour written paper. In the case of failure in one part of the Qualifying Examination, the candidate will have the same rights of resubmission as for the Master of Studies and, if successful, will be granted permission to supplicate for the degree of Master of Studies but will not be permitted to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil. Candidates whose work in the Qualifying Examination is judged by the examiners to be of the standard required for the degree of M.St in Archaeology, but not of the standard required to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil in Archaeology, will be granted permission to supplicate for the degree of Master of Studies in Archaeology;
2. (b) to deliver to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, not later than noon on the Friday of the sixth week of Trinity Full Term in the academic year after that in which their name is first entered on the Register for M.Phil Students, a thesis of not more than 25,000 words (excluding bibliography and any descriptive catalogue or other factual matter, but including notes and appendices) on the subject approved in accordance with regulations 6 and 10 below;
3. (c) to present themselves for written examination in accordance with regulation 5 below in the Trinity Full Term of the academic year after that in which their name is first entered on the Register for M.Phil Students;
4. (d) to present themselves for an oral examination as required by the examiners.
5. The written examination shall comprise one subject chosen from Schedules A-D for the Master of Studies in Archaeology. [Candidates who offered a subject from Schedule C or D in the Qualifying Examination may not normally offer another subject from the same schedule.] The subjects will be examined by two pre-set essays (each of 5,000 words), except that further subjects from Schedule A in the M.St in Archaeology may also be examined by a written paper, and those from Schedule A of the M.St in Classical Archaeology will only be examined by written paper.
6. The choice of subjects for thesis and examination must be approved by the candidate’s supervisor and by the committee, having regard to the candidate’s previous experience and to the availability of teaching.
7. Candidates will be expected to show sufficient general knowledge of the appropriate history and geography for a proper understanding of their subjects.
8. The subject for examination and the chosen method of examination must be submitted for approval by the committee in time for its meeting in eighth week of the Trinity Full Term of the academic year in which the candidate’s name is first entered on the Register for M.Phil students. Notice of the subject must be given to the Registrar no later than Friday of the eighth week of the Michaelmas Full Term preceding the examination.
9. Where options are examined by pre-set essays (as specified in 5 above), candidates will normally select essay topics from a list offered by their supervisors. The proposed essay titles, countersigned by the supervisor, must be submitted for approval to the Chairman of Examiners by noon on Friday of the seventh week of the Hilary Full Term preceding the examinations. Candidates must submit two copies of their essays by not later than noon on Friday of the sixth week of Trinity Full Term, to the Examination Schools. Essays must be typed or printed.
10. The proposed thesis title must be submitted for approval by the committee in time for its meeting in the eighth week of the Trinity Full Term of the year in which the candidate’s name is first entered on the Register for M.Phil Students.
11. Candidates are advised that adequate reading knowledge of an appropriate language or languages (other than English) may be necessary to reach the standard required by the examiners.
12. Candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the thesis with the Examination Schools. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Ashmolean Library or the Balfour Library, as directed by the examiners. Such candidates will be required to complete a form stating whether they give permission for their thesis to be consulted.
13. Candidates whose work in the Final Examination is judged by the Examiners not to be of the standard required for the degree of M.Phil in Archaeology but whose work in the Qualifying Examination nevertheless reached the standard required for the degree of M.St in Archaeology, may be offered the option of resitting the M.Phil Examination under the General Regulations § 2, cl. 4, or of being granted permission to supplicate for the degree of Master of Studies in Archaeology.
14. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Celtic Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Medieval and Modern Languages are as follows:

1. All candidates shall be required at the time of admission to satisfy the Board of Faculty of Medieval and Modern Languages (if necessary, by written test) that they possess the appropriate qualifications for the proposed course, including suitable proficiency in relevant languages. Normally the course will be restricted to candidates who have taken a first degree in a relevant subject area.*
2. All candidates shall be required
1. (a) To offer themselves for written examination as defined in section 5 below.
2. (b) To present themselves for viva voce examination at the time appointed by the examiners.
3. The subjects and papers of the examination shall be as follows:
1. (a) Historical and comparative Celtic linguistics.
2. (b) Irish literature up to the Cromwellian wars. Candidates will be expected to offer nine texts in all, three from each of the three periods, Old Irish, Middle Irish, and Early Modern Irish. The following are the prescribed texts: Old Irish: Scéla mucce Meic Dathó, ed. R. Thurneysen (Dublin, 1951). Togail bruidne Dá Derga, ed. E. Knott (Dublin, 1936). Longes mac n-Uislenn, ed. V. Hull (New York, 1949). Scéla Cano meic Gartnáin, ed. D. A. Binchy (Dublin, 1963). Fingal Rónáin and Other Stories, ed. D. Greene (Dublin, 1955). Táin Bó Fraích, ed. W. Meid, rev. edn. (Dublin, 1974). Selected passages from Táin Bó Cúailnge, Recension I, ed. C. O’Rahilly (Dublin, 1976). Middle Irish: Stories from the Acallam, ed. M. Dillon (Dublin, 1970). Aislinge meic Conglinne, ed. K. H. Jackson (Dublin, 1990). Caithreim Cellaig, ed. K. Mulchrone (Dublin, 1933). Cath Almaine, ed. P. Ó Riain (Dublin, 1978). The Irish Adam and Eve Story from Saltair na Rann, ed. D. Greene and F. Kelly (Dublin, 1976). Buile Shuibne, ed. J. G. O’Keeffe (Dublin, 1931) Selected passages from Táin Bó Cúalnge from the Book of Leinster, ed. C. O’Rahilly (Dublin, 1967). Early Modern Irish: An introduction to Irish syllabic poetry of the period 1200-1600, ed. E. Knott (2nd edn., Dublin, 1957). Tóruigheacht Dhiarmada agus Ghráinne, ed. Nessa Ni Shéaghdha (Dublin, 1967) The Bardic poems of Tadhg Dall O Huiginn, ed. E. Knott (2 vols., London, 1922-6). Sgéalaigheacht Chéitinn, ed. O. Bergin, 3rd edn. (Dublin, 1930). Cath Muighe Tuireadh, ed. B. Ó Cuív (Dublin, 1945). Nua-Dhuanaire, vol. 1, ed. P. de Brún, B. Ó Buachalla and Tomás Ó Concheanainn (Dublin, 1975). Dánta Gradha, ed. T. F. O’Rahilly, 2nd edn. (Cork, 1926). Scottish Poetry from the Book of the Dean of Lismore, ed. W. J. Watson (Edinburgh, 1937).
3. (c) Welsh literature up to the Reformation. Candidates will be expected to offer nine texts in all, three from each of three periods, Old, Middle and Early Modern Welsh. The following are prescribed texts: Old Welsh: Canu Taliesin, ed. I. Williams (Cardiff, 1960). Canu Aneirin, ed. I. Williams (Cardiff, 1938). Canu Llywarch Hen, ed. I. Williams (Cardiff, 1953). Armes Prydein, ed. I. Williams, Engl. version by R. Bromwich (Dublin, 1972). M. Haycock, Blodeugerdd Barddas o Ganu Crefyddol Cynnar (Y Bala, 1994), Nos. 1-8, 13-14, 16, 18, 21, 30. Middle Welsh: Pedeir Keinc y Mabinogi, ed. I. Williams (Cardiff, 1951). Culhwch and Olwen, ed. R. Bromwich and D. Simon Evans (Cardiff, 1992). Welsh Court Poems, ed. Rhian Andrews (Cardiff: University Wales Press, 2007). Historia Peredur vab Efrawc (from Llyfr Gwyn Rhydderch: Y Chwedlau a’r Rhamantau, ed. J. Gwenogvryn Evans (Cardiff, 1973). Brut y Brenhinedd, ed. B. F. Roberts (Dublin, 1971). The following shorter tales: Breudwyt Ronabwy, ed. M.Richards (Cardiff, 1948), Breudwyt Maxen Wledic, ed. B. F. Roberts (Dublin, 2005), Cyfranc Lludd a Llefelys, ed. B. F. Roberts (Dublin, 1975). Early Modern Welsh: Cerddi Dafydd ap Gwilym, ed. D. Johnston et al. (Cardiff, 2010). Poems of the Cywyddwyr, ed. E. I. Rowlands (Dublin, 1976). Rhagymadroddion 1547-1659, ed. Garfield H. Hughes (Cardiff, 1951). A Welsh Bestiary of Love, ed. G. C. G. Thomas (Dublin, 1988). Gwaith Tudur Aled, ed. T. Gwynn Jones (Cardiff, 1926). Gwaith Guto’r Glyn, ed. I. Williams and J. Ll. Williams (Cardiff, 1939). T. Parry, Detholion o Destament Newydd 1567 (Cardiff, 1967). Llyvyr Iob: Cyvieithad Dr. Morgan 1588, ed. J. Gwenogvryn Evans (Oxford, 1888).
4. (d) Special Subjects For the special subjects, each candidate may, with the agreement of his/her supervisor, submit an extended essay not exceeding 8,000 words in lieu of a three-hour examination.
  1. (1) The archaeology of Celtic Society in pre-Christian Europe.
  2. (2) The Latin Literature of the British Isles.
  3. (3) The records of Continental Celtic.
  4. (4) Irish and Welsh origin legends.
  5. (5) The Celtic context of Old and Middle English literature.
  6. (6) The history of Ireland up to 1216.
  7. (7) The history of Scotland up to 1153.
  8. (8) The history of Wales either from c.550 to 1063 or from 1063 to 1415.
  9. (9) The history of the Celtic peoples from c.400 to c.900.
  10. (10) The Normans and the Celtic peoples 1066-1216.
  11. (11) Early Irish Law.
  12. (12) Medieval Welsh Law.
  13. (13) The Ulster Cycle of tales.
  14. (14) The Classical Irish bardic tradition.
  15. (15) Echtrai and immrama.
  16. (16) The medieval Welsh Arthurian romances.
  17. (17) Middle Cornish language and literature.
  18. (18) Middle Breton language and literature.
  19. (19) Twentieth-Century Scottish Gaelic literature.
  20. (20) Literature of the modern revival in Irish.
  21. (21) The Welsh literary renaissance of the twentieth century.
  22. (22) Language and society in modern Scotland.
  23. (23) The palaeography of medieval Celtic vernacular manuscripts (candidates may restrict themselves either to Irish or to Welsh manuscripts).
  24. (24) The comparative syntax of modern Celtic languages.
  25. (25) The Celtic inscriptions of the British Isles before 800.
  26. (26) The poetry of Cynddelw.
5. The Special Subjects listed above are not prescriptive: candidates are allowed to offer a Special Subject or Special Subjects of their own devising, provided that these are similar in character and scope to those listed and that they are approved under the arrangements set out in section 6 below.
6. (e) A thesis of approximately 20,000 words and not more than 25,000 words on a subject approved by the board or by a person or persons to whom the board may delegate this function. When seeking approval for the subject of the thesis, every candidate shall submit with the proposed title a written statement of not more than 500 words explaining the scope of the topic and the manner in which it is proposed to treat it.
4. Candidates shall be required to offer three papers and a thesis, as follows:
1. (a) Either
  1. (i) Two papers, one on each of two subjects selected from those described in section 3 (a), (b), and (c) above.
  2. (ii) One paper on a Special Subject as described in Section 3 (d) above.
  3. Or
  4. (i) One paper on a subject selected from those described in section 3 (a), (b), and (c) above.
  5. (ii) Two papers, one on each of two Special Subjects as described in section 3 (d) above.
2. (b) A thesis as described in section 3 (e) above.
5. Candidates shall seek approval (by application to the Modern Languages Graduate Office, 41 Wellington Square, Oxford) for the proposed subject of their thesis by the end of the fourth week of the second term after that in which their names have been placed on the register of M.Phil. Students, i.e. normally by the end of the fourth week of Trinity Term in their first year. The thesis (two copies) must be typewritten and must be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, not later than Friday of the first week of the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken.* Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of their thesis in the Bodleian Library.†
6. Each candidate's choice of papers shall be subject to the approval of the Board of the Faculty of Medieval and Modern Languages or of a person or persons to whom the board may delegate the function of giving such approval. Approval shall be given only if the choice of papers proposed, and any titles of Special Subjects of the candidate's own devising, have the written support of the candidate's supervisor. Approval of the choice of papers proposed will be dependent on the availability of teaching and examining resources at the relevant times. Candidates shall seek approval (by application to the Modern Languages Graduate Office, 41 Wellington Square, Oxford) by the end of the first term after that in which their names have been placed on the register of M.Phil. students, i.e. normally by the end of Hilary Term in their first year. A proposal for a Special Subject or Special Subjects of the candidate's own devising shall be accompanied by a brief statement of the candidate's view of the character and scope of the Special Subject or Special Subjects proposed.
7. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate while not of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of M.Phil. is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of Master of Studies in Celtic Studies, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. examination under the appropriate regulation or of being granted permission to supplicate for the Degree of Master of Studies.
8. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Classical Archaeology

Within the Division of Social Sciences, the course shall be administered by the Committee for the School of Archaeology. The regulations made are as follows:

1. Candidates for admission must apply to the Committee for the School of Archaeology. They will be required to produce evidence of their appropriate qualifications for the proposed course, including their suitable proficiency in relevant ancient or modern languages.
2. Candidates must follow for six terms a course of instruction in Classical Archaeology.
3. The registration of candidates shall lapse from the Register of M.Phil. Students on the last day of Trinity Term in the academic year after that in which their name is first entered in it, unless the committee decides otherwise.
4. All candidates are required:
1. (a) to satisfy the examiners in a Qualifying Examination identical with that for the degree of Master of Studies in Classical Archaeology and governed by regulations 5-9 for that degree, in the Trinity Full Term of the academic year in which their name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. students except that under regulation 5(b) of that degree a 10,000 word dissertation may not normally be offered in place of one of the subject options (examined by two pre-set essays). In the case of failure in one part of the qualifying examination, the candidate will have the same rights of resubmission as for the M.St in Classical Archaeology and, if successful, will be granted permission to supplicate for the degree of M.St in Classical Archaeology but will not be permitted to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil in Classical Archaeology. Candidates whose work in the Qualifying Examination is judged by the examiners to be of the standard required for the degree of M.St. in Classical Archaeology but not of the standard required to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil. in Classical Archaeology, will be granted permission to supplicate for the degree of Master of Studies in Classical Archaeology;
2. (b) to deliver to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, not later than noon on the Friday of the sixth week of Trinity Full Term in the academic year after that in which their name is first entered on the Register for M.Phil. Students, a thesis* of not more than 25,000 words (excluding bibliography and any descriptive catalogue or other factual matter, but including notes and appendices) on the subject approved in accordance with regulations 6 and 10 below; the thesis should bear the candidate's examination number but not his or her name.
3. (c) to present themselves for written examination in accordance with regulation 5 below in the Trinity Full Term of the academic year after that in which their name is first entered on the Register for M.Phil. Students;
4. (d) to present themselves for an oral examination as required by the examiners.
5. The written examination shall comprise one subject chosen from Schedules A-C for the Master of Studies in Classical Archaeology to be examined by two pre-set essays each of 5,000 words. [Candidates who offered a subject from Schedule C in the qualifying examination may not normally offer another subject from Schedule C.]
6. The choice of subjects for thesis and examination must be approved by the candidate's supervisor and by the committee, having regard to the candidate's previous experience and to the availability of teaching.
7. Candidates will be expected to show sufficient general knowledge of Ancient History and Geography for a proper understanding of their periods and subjects.
8. The period or subject for examination must be submitted for approval by the committee in time for its meeting in the eighth week of the Trinity Full Term of the academic year in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register for M.Phil. Students. Notice of the period or subject to be offered by each candidate must be given not later than Friday of the eighth week of the Michaelmas Term preceding the examination.
9. Where options are being examined by pre-set essays (as specified in 5 above), candidates will normally select essay topics from a list offered by their supervisors. The proposed essay titles, countersigned by the supervisor, must be submitted for approval to the Chairman of Examiners by noon on Friday of the eighth week of the term in which the instruction for that subject is given. Candidates must submit two copies of their essays by not later than noon on the Monday of the second week of the term following that in which the instruction for that subject was given to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford. Essays must be typed or printed and should bear the candidate's examination number but not his or her name.
10. The proposed thesis title must be submitted for approval by the committee in time for its meeting in the eighth week of the Trinity Term of the year in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register for M.Phil. Students.
11. Candidates are advised that adequate reading knowledge of an appropriate language or languages (other than English) may be necessary to reach the standard required by the examiners.
12. Candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the thesis with the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Sackler Library. Such candidates will be required to complete a form stating whether they give permission for their thesis to be consulted.
13. In the case of failure in just one part of the final examination, the candidate will be permitted to retake that part of the examination on one further occasion, not later than one year after the initial attempt. Written papers would be retaken the following year. A candidate who is not judged to have reached the standard required for the degree of Master of Philosophy in Classical Archaeology but whose examinations fulfil the requirements of the M.St in Classical Archaeology may be granted permission to supplicate for the degree of M.St in Classical Archaeology.
14. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Comparative Social Policy

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Divisional Board of Social Sciences are as follows:

Qualifying Test

Every candidate must pass a qualifying test at the end of the third term from the beginning of the course in the two compulsory papers, Methods of Social Research, and Comparative Social Policy/Welfare States and one Optional Paper from the list of optional papers, specified by the Department of Social Policy and Intervention . This will be from a list published annually by Friday of the sixth week of Michaelmas Full Term in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention. Candidates may, after special permission of the Course Director, offer subjects outside this list. This may also include papers offered in any other relevant master's degree in the University subject to the permission of the relevant Course Director as appropriate. The examiners may examine candidates viva voce. Candidates who fail the qualifying test may, in exceptional circumstances, be allowed to retake the test before the beginning of the first week of the next academic year. The examiners can decide that the retake shall consist of the whole test or parts thereof.

Final Examination

Every candidate must offer:

1. One further optional paper. This will be from a list published annually by Friday of the sixth week of Michaelmas Full Term in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention. Candidates may, after special permission of the Course Director, offer subjects outside this list. This may also include papers offered in any other relevant master's degree in the University subject to the permission of the relevant Graduate Studies Committee as appropriate.
2. A thesis* of not more than 30,000 words to be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Friday of the sixth week of Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken. The thesis should employ comparative method in the study of a social policy topic. Successful candidates will be required to deposit a copy of their thesis in the Social Science Library. The examiners may examine any candidate viva voce. The examiners may award a Distinction for excellence in the whole examination on the basis of the material submitted to them in both the qualifying and the final examination.

Compulsory Papers

Methods of Social Research

(a) A course of practical work in (i) basic principles of statistical inference, and statistical models for the analysis of quantitative social science data, (ii) the rationale and techniques of qualitative research appropriate to social policy and related social enquiry, and (iii) methods of data collection including research and questionnaire design, interviewing and coding. Such practical course work in social research methods shall be assessed by a series of assignments set during the ﬁrst two terms of the course. These shall be listed in the Course Handbook and submission dates set for each assignment. Each assignment shall be marked during the course. In the event of any candidate not reaching the pass mark set, one further attempt shall be permitted, though in the event of a successful resubmission only the bare pass mark shall be awarded. The combined set of completed assignments forms the practical research methods workbook. Candidates shall submit this workbook to the Director of Graduate Studies in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention by noon on Friday of the sixth week of the third term of the course, accompanied by a statement that it is the candidate’s own work except where otherwise indicated. The practical workbooks shall be available for inspection by the examiners.
(b) Candidates are required to produce two essays of up to 2,500 words evaluating the research design, methods of data collection and analysis, and any ethical or philosophical issues that arise in a speciﬁed research paper. The Director of Graduate Studies shall publish two lists of research papers not later than noon on Monday of the ﬁrst week of the second term; candidates will be required to select one from both of these lists of papers as the subject for each essay. Candidates shall submit their essay to the Examination Schools by 12 noon on Monday of the ﬁrst week of the third term of the course, accompanied by a statement that it is the candidate’s own work except where otherwise indicated.

Comparative Social Policy/Welfare States

Concepts and typologies of social policies and welfare states. Approaches to the study of social policy. Theories of the origin and growth of the welfare state. Goals and means in social policy. Effectiveness and efficiency in social policy: unintended side effects. Methodological issues in comparative social research.

Optional Papers

These will be from a list published annually by Friday of the sixth week of Michaelmas Full Term in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention. Candidates may, after special permission of the Course Director, offer subjects outside this list. This may also include papers offered in any other relevant master's degree in the University subject to the permission of the relevant Course Director as appropriate.

Criminology and Criminal Justice

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

1. Candidates must follow for at least six terms a course of instruction in Criminology and Criminal Justice.
2. There shall be a Board of Studies for the course, to be chaired by the Director of Graduate Studies for Criminology, and also comprising all the members of the Board of Examiners for the Master of Philosophy in Criminology and Criminal Justice for the current year, the Director or Assistant Director of the Centre for Criminology, and a student representative (the latter for open business only).
3. Admissions Candidates may signify their intention to take the M.Phil. in Criminology and Criminal Justice when they apply for the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice or the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice (Research Methods) or after they have been admitted. In either case, a formal application, the form for which is obtainable from the Graduate Studies Office, must then be made by Friday of Week Four of Trinity Term preceding the Michaelmas Term in which they wish to study for the M.Phil. Admission of those whose thesis topics are approved by the Centre for Criminology’s Board of Studies and for whom that Committee certifies the availability of supervision will always be conditional on a specified level of performance in the Part I examination.
4. Residence Candidates must keep six terms statutory residence, which may include periods spent in residence while studying for the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice or the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice (Research Methods).
5. Courses and examination Candidates for the M.Phil. shall satisfactorily complete Part I and Part 2. Part I and Part 2 shall be taken in that order and shall normally be taken in successive years. A candidate wishing to take Part 2 but not to proceed directly from Part I to Part 2 in successive years must seek permission from the Centre for Criminology’s Board of Studies. Part I shall consist of the courses and examinations as specified for the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice or the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice (Research Methods).
6. (a) Qualifying Test (Part 1) Every candidate must pass a qualifying test by the end of the third term from the beginning of the course, which shall consist of the elements as specified in cll. 3-7 of the examination regulations for the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice or cll. 3-7 of the examination regulations for the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice (Research Methods). Candidates who fail the qualifying test may be allowed to be reassessed, as specified in cl. 10 of the examination regulations for the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice or cl. 10 of the examination regulations for the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice (Research Methods).
6. (b) Final examination (Part 2) Candidates shall follow a course of instruction in Empirical Research Methods, satisfy the examiners that they have completed to the required standard such tests or exercises in Research Methods as prescribed as part of such a course of instruction, and be examined by thesis which must not exceed 30,000 words and should not normally be less than 25,000 words. Candidates are required to deliver two typewritten copies of the thesis to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Friday of Week Eight of the Trinity Term in which the examination is to be taken.
The course in Empirical Research Methods shall be Research Design and Data Collection, and Social Explanation and Data Analysis, as specified for the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice and the M.Sc. in Criminology and Criminal Justice (Research Methods). Where candidates have already taken these courses as part of either M.Sc., they will not be required to take them a second time. Where a candidate has elected to write a thesis that draws significantly on legal research methods, the Director of Graduate Studies (Research) for Criminology, at the suggestion of the prospective thesis supervisor, may grant the candidate exemption from taking Research Design and Data Collection, and Social Explanation and Data Analysis and instruct the candidate to take the Legal Research Method Course, as specified for the M.Phil. in Law.

7. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.
8. Arrangements for reassessment shall be as follows: Candidates who fail, or withdraw from, Social Explanation and Data Analysis may resubmit assessments in line with cl. 10 of the examination regulations for the MSc in Criminology and Criminal Justice. Such candidates who have completed successfully all or part of any of the other components may carry forward the marks gained for the successfully completed parts of the degree. Candidates who fail, or withdraw from, the Legal Research Method course as specified for the M.Phil. in Law (if they have received permission to take this course instead of Research Design and Data Collection and Social Explanation and Data Analysis), may resit course elements according to the standard arrangements for reassessment for that course. Such candidates who have completed successfully all or part of any of the other components may carry forward the marks gained for the successfully completed parts of the degree. Candidates who fail, or withdraw from, the M.Phil. thesis may resubmit the thesis to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Friday Week 8 of the term following publication of their results. Such candidates who have completed successfully all or part of any of the other components may carry forward the marks gained for the successfully completed parts of the degree.

Development Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Graduate Studies Committee are as follows:

1. Candidates for admission must apply to the Graduate Studies Committee. They will be required to produce evidence of their appropriate qualifications for the proposed course.
2. Candidates must follow for six terms courses of instruction as laid down for the M.Phil. in Development Studies by the Graduate Studies Committee.
3. Candidates will be admitted to take the examination as defined below in a specific year. In exceptional circumstances candidates may be allowed to take an examination later than the one to which they were admitted. Permission for this must be sought from the Proctors through the candidate’s college.
4. The registration of candidates shall lapse from the Register of M.Phil. Students on the last day of Trinity Term of their second academic year.
5. Qualifying Test
1. 5.1 Every candidate must pass a qualifying test in two foundation papers to be taken at the start of the Trinity Term of the first year of study.
2. 5.2. The qualifying test will be set and administered by the examiners appointed to examine for the M.Phil. in Development Studies. Candidates must enter themselves for the qualifying test via their Colleges.
3. 5.3. Candidates may select the two foundation papers which they offer from the list set out below except that candidates with a non-economics background are required to include Economics as one of the two papers and candidates are not permitted, except with the permission of the Graduate Studies Committee, to offer a paper in the subject of their bachelor's degree.
  1. (i) History and Politics Topics may include the themes of state formation and development; colonialism, collaboration, and resistance; nationalism, decolonisation; class formation, gender relations, and the formation of political identities; politics and policy. Students will be expected to show knowledge of developments in countries from more than one of the following regions: Africa, South Asia, and Latin America.
  2. (ii) Economics Topics may include the basic elements of macro- and micro-analysis for open, less developed, economies; national income accounting and analysis; macro-economic policy, theories of inflation and growth; supply and demand; theories of the firm; the functioning of markets, externalities and other market failures; theories of international trade; trade policy, exchange rates, and balance of payments management; the operation of the international monetary system. The emphasis will be on concepts and their application in the context of development.
  3. (iii) Social Anthropology Topics may include the perspectives of anthropology upon social change; personhood and well-being; social and personal agency, authority and responsibility in the field of productive activity; marriage, kinship, family and gender in theory and practice; agencies of managed change and their interaction with local communities.
4. 5.4. A candidate who fails to pass the qualifying test may be permitted to retake the test before the beginning of the first week of the next academic year. Candidates shall retake only the failed component of the qualifying test.
5. 5.5. Only candidates who have passed the qualifying test may proceed to the second year of the course.
6. Core Course in Development Studies Candidates must pursue a core course in development studies which runs throughout the two years of the degree. The core course covers the following three aspects: (i) social theory and development theory, (ii) analysis of major interdisciplinary issues, and (iii) international dimensions of development. Issues which may be included are, under (i) the intellectual origins and legacies of development; under (ii) the agrarian question; industrialisation; urbanisation; gender, ethnicity, culture and development and environmental aspects of development; and under (iii) finance, trade, aid, information technology, the United Nations and global governance.
7. Final Examination
1. 7.1. The final examination shall consist of the following:
  1. (a) One written paper on Research Methods which is taken at the end of the Trinity Term of the first year of study. Questions will be set on: Epistemology of social science, social science paradigms; ethics and values; quantitative methods; the presentation of statistical information, hypothesis testing; research design; sampling theory; questionnaire design; the critical reading of documents; participant observation; action research; rapid research; evaluation research. A candidate who fails to pass the paper in Research Methods may, at the discretion of the Development Studies Committee, be permitted to retake the paper before the beginning of the first week of the next academic year. Only candidates who have passed the paper in Research Methods may proceed to the second year of the course.
  2. (b) One research design essay of 3,000-5,000 words, assessed by the examiners appointed to examine for the M.Phil in Development Studies. Candidates are required to submit the essay in Trinity Term of the first year of study. In the event of a candidate’s failing the essay, it must be rewritten, resubmitted and a pass mark awarded before the candidate may proceed to the second year of the course. The research design essay and the written paper in (a) above shall each constitute 50 per cent of the marks available for the examination of the candidate’s knowledge of research methods.
  3. (c) Three core course essays assessed by the examiners appointed to examine for the M.Phil. in Development Studies. Candidates are required to submit these essays at specified intervals over the two years of the course. The topics to be covered in these essays must fall within the three themes (one per essay) included in the core course in development studies: social theory and development; major interdisciplinary issues; and the international dimension of development. Candidates must pass all three essays. In the event of a candidate's failing either or both essays submitted in the first year of the course, either or both must be rewritten, resubmitted and a pass mark awarded before the candidate may proceed to the second year of the course. In the event of a candidate’s failing the third essay, submitted in the second year of the course, it must be rewritten, resubmitted and a pass-mark awarded before the candidate can be deemed to have successfully completed the course.
  4. (d) A thesis of not more than 30,000 words (excluding bibliography but including footnotes and appendices) on a topic approved by the M.Phil Teaching Committee, to which the Graduate Studies Committee delegates this function. The thesis must be on a topic in the general field of development studies. The topic of the thesis must be chosen in consultation with and with the approval of the candidate's supervisor. If a separate thesis supervisor is required, he or she must have agreed to undertake the supervision prior to the approval of the topic as specified above.
  5. (e) One written paper selected from a range of optional papers. Details of the optional papers available will be notified during the first year of the course. Candidates may include subjects offered in other relevant masters degrees in the University, subject to permission from the relevant graduate studies committee and from the M.Phil Teaching Committee. Applications to do this must normally be made by the first Friday of Trinity Term in the student’s first year.
  6. (f) One further written paper selected from a range of optional papers, or offered in other relevant masters degrees in the University with the provisos specified in section 7.1 (e) above.
2. 7.2. Theses must be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford not later than the Friday of the first week of the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken.
3. 7.3. Failure in one or more components of the final examination results in failure of the degree. The examiners may permit candidates to re-take the examination of the failed component(s) in Trinity Term of the following academic year. In the case of a failed dissertation, the dissertation must be re-submitted in Trinity Term of the following year. Viva voce examinations are not used for this course.
4. 7.4. The examiners may award a Distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Eastern Christian Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Boards of the Faculties of Oriental Studies and Theology are as follows:

Candidates will be admitted to take the examination as defined below in a specific year. In exceptional circumstances candidates may be allowed to take an examination later than one to which they were admitted. Permission for this must be sought from the faculty board not later than Monday of the week before the first week of the Trinity Term in which the examination was to have been taken. The application must have the support of the candidate's college and be accompanied by a statement from the supervisor.

I. Every candidate shall be required
1. (a) to present himself or herself for a written examination, as prescribed below;
2. (b) to present a thesis of not more than 30,000 words on a subject approved by the faculty boards. Theses should be presented not later than noon on the Friday of the second week of the Trinity Term in which the examination is taken. Successful candidates may be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Bodleian;†
3. (c) to present himself or herself for a viva voce examination, unless individually dispensed by the examiners.
II. The written examination shall consist of four papers:
1. (1) A general paper on the development of doctrine and the history of the Church in the Christian East to ad 717. (2), (3), (4) Three papers on one of the following options.
  1. A. Greek
    1. (i) The philosophical background of the Greek Fathers*.
    2. (ii) The history of the Church in the Byzantine Empire, ad 717-886*.
    3. (iii) Byzantine ecclesiastical texts*. The three papers will include passages for comment as well as general questions relating to the set texts.
  2. B. Armenian with Greek
    1. (i) Armenian historical texts*.
    2. (ii) Armenian theological and ecclesiastical texts*.
    3. (iii) A translation paper from Greek ecclesiastical texts. Passages for translation will be set from unspecified texts and set texts*. Papers (i) and (ii) will include passages for translation and comment as well as general questions relating to the set texts.
  3. C. Syriac with Greek
    1. (i) Syriac historical texts*.
    2. (ii) Syriac theological texts*.
    3. (iii) as Paper B (iii) above. Papers (i) and (ii) will include passages for translation and comment as well as general questions relating to the set texts.
  4. Teaching in all three options (Greek, Armenian with Greek, Syriac with Greek) may not be available every year, and applicants for admission will be advised whether teaching will be available in the option of their choice.
  5. Note. Candidates with sufficient knowledge of Greek may offer Paper A (i) in place of Paper B (iii)/C (iii). Except in the case of Papers A (i) and B (iii)/C (iii), and subject to the approval of the faculty boards, a candidate may offer texts — or, in the case of Paper A (ii), a period of Greek church history — other than those specified in the regulations.
III. The examiners may award a Distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Economic and Social History

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations of the Board of the Faculty of History are as follows:

1. Every candidate must follow for at least six terms a course of instruction in Economic and Social History and must upon entering for the examination produce from his or her society a certificate to that effect.
2. The examination will consist of the following parts:

Qualifying test

Every candidate must pass a qualifying test. The test shall consist of two courses on

(1) Methodological introduction to research in the social sciences and history.
(2) Either Quantitative methods and computer applications for historians
or A paper from another established course within the University where this would provide a more appropriate training for the candidate's dissertation focus. Such a choice will need formal approval from both the Course Director and the Chair of the Graduate Studies Committee of the Board of the Faculty of History. The methodological introduction course will be assessed by a methodological essay of up to 4,000 words. Two copies of the essay must be submitted by noon on Monday of first week of Trinity Term of the candidate’s ﬁrst year to the Chair of Examiners for the M.Phil. in Economic and Social History, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG. A quantitative methods course is assessed by an assignment to be completed over the Christmas Vacation; two typewritten copies of the completed assignment must be submitted by noon on Monday of second week of Hilary Term of the candidate’s ﬁrst year to the Chair of Examiners for the M.Phil. in Economic and Social History at the above address. In addition, convenors of qualifying courses will conﬁrm in writing to the chairman of examiners not later than Friday of eighth week of Hilary Term the candidates’ satisfactory participation in their classes, including the completion of any assignments for the weekly sessions. Any approved alternative qualifying course will be assessed within the format and timetable of the paper’s parent course. No candidate who has failed the qualifying test of two courses will be permitted to supplicate for the degree. Candidates who fail a qualifying course once will be permitted to take it again, not later than one year after the initial attempt.

Final examination

The examination shall consist of four papers and a dissertation.

I. Three advanced papers at least two of which must be selected from Schedule I below (Advanced Papers for the M.Phil. and M.Sc. in Economic and Social History), and not more than one from any other M.Phil. the choice of which must be approved by the chairman of the Graduate Studies Committee of the History Board not later than Monday of the fourth week of the second Michaelmas Term of the course. Candidates must take at least two of their advanced papers as three-hour written examinations. For each of their remaining advanced papers candidates must choose to be assessed either by written examination or by two 5,000 word essays. Essays may be only submitted in lieu of written papers for subjects in Schedule I or for papers from other M.Phil.s where similar provision exists in the regulations for those examinations. The essays must be the work of the candidates alone and they must not consult any other person including their supervisors in any way concerning the method of handling the themes chosen. The themes chosen by the candidate must be submitted for approval by the chairman of examiners by the examination entry date. Candidates will be informed within two weeks, by means of a letter directed to their colleges, whether the topics they have submitted have been approved. The finished essays must be delivered by the candidate to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Monday of sixth week of Trinity Full Term. The essays must be presented in proper scholarly form, and two typed copies of each must be submitted.
II. Either
1. (i) one paper in a discipline or skill or sources or methods selected from Schedule II below.
or
1. (ii) A fourth advanced paper selected from Schedule I or from any additional list of papers for the M.Phil. and M.Sc. in Economic and Social History approved by the Graduate Studies Committee of the Board of the Faculty of History and published in the definitive list of Advanced Papers as set out in Schedule I.
III. A dissertation of not more than 30,000 words, including appendices but excluding bibliography on a topic approved by the candidate's supervisor. The dissertation must be delivered not later than noon on the Monday of the first week of the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford. Dissertations submitted must not exceed the permitted length. If they do the examiners will reduce the marks awarded. The presentation and footnotes should comply with the requirements specified in the Regulations of the Education Committee for the degree of M.Litt. and D.Phil. and follow the Conventions for the presentation of dissertations and theses of the Board of the Faculty of History. Each dissertation must include a short abstract which concisely summarises its scope and principal arguments, in about 300 words. Candidates must submit by the specified date three copies of their dissertation. These must be securely and firmly bound in either hard or soft covers. One copy of an M.Phil. dissertation which is approved by the examiners must be deposited in the Bodleian Library. This finalised copy should incorporate any corrections or amendments which the examiners may have requested. It must be in a permanently fixed binding, drilled and sewn, in a stiff board case in library buckram, in a dark colour, and lettered on the spine with the candidate's name and initials, the degree, and the year of submission.
3. Candidates may, if they so wish, be examined in up to two of their four papers (or submit essays in lieu of these papers as provided for above) at the end of their first year.
4. The examiners will permit the use of any hand-held pocket calculator subject to the conditions set out under the heading ‘Use of calculators in examinations’ in the Regulations for the conduct of University Examinations.
5. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.
6. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate, while not of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of M.Phil., is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of Master of Science in Economic and Social History, the candidate shall be given the option of re-sitting the M.Phil. (as provided under the appropriate regulation) or of being granted leave to supplicate for the degree of Master of Science.
7. A candidate who fails the examination will be permitted to re-take it on one further occasion only, not later than one year after the initial attempt.
Such a candidate whose dissertation has been of a satisfactory standard may re-submit the same piece of work, while a candidate who has reached a satisfactory standard on the written papers will not be required to re-take that part of the examination.

Schedule I

Advanced Papers for the M.Phil. and M.Sc. in Economic and Social History

A broad range of the course resources are shared with the corresponding courses in History of Science, Medicine, and Technology, and Advanced Papers are therefore available in the subject areas listed here.

1. Economic and business history
2. History of science and technology
3. Social history
4. Historical demography
5. History of medicine A descriptive list of Advanced Papers will be published by the Board of the Faculty of History in September for the academic year ahead (not all options may be available in every year). The definitive list of the titles of Advanced Papers for any one year will be circulated to candidates and their supervisors and posted on the Faculty notice board not later than Friday of third week of Michaelmas Term of the academic year in which the paper is to be taken.

Schedule II

The paper in a relevant discipline or skill may be:

1. One of the papers from the M.Phil. in Economics.
2. One of the papers from the M.Phil. in Sociology or in Comparative Social Policy.
3. One of the papers from the M.Phil. in Russian and East European Studies.
4. One suitable paper from another Master's degree under the auspices of the Faculty of History approved from time to time by the Graduate Studies Committee of the Board of History.
5. One suitable paper from another Master's degree on the recommendation of the candidate's supervisor and endorsed by the Course Director. Choices under Schedule II have to be approved by the chairman of the Graduate Studies Committee of the Board of the Faculty of History not later than Monday of the fourth week of the second Michaelmas Term of the course. Candidates wishing to take a paper under 1, 2, 3, or 5 will also need the approval of the appropriate course convenor and the Graduate Studies Committee of the relevant faculty board or inter-faculty committee who need to be satisfied that each candidate has an adequate background in the subject. Not all options may be available in any one year.

Economics

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Divisional Board of Social Sciences are as follows:

The examiners will not provide calculators, but will permit the use of any hand-held pocket calculator in the examination room, both for the first year examinations and for the final examination, subject to the conditions set out under the heading ‘Use of calculators in examinations’ in the Special Regulations concerning Examinations.

First-year examinations

There will be three compulsory papers to be taken at the end of the first year of the course.

(a) Macroeconomics
(b) Microeconomics
(c) Econometrics

Details of the content of the three compulsory papers will be published in the Course Booklet distributed to students at the beginning of Michaelmas Term each year.

The Microeconomics and Macroeconomics papers will be set in two parts (A and B). Questions must be selected from both parts. Questions in part A will involve the use of mathematical techniques.

The papers shall be set and administered by the examiners appointed to examine the M.Phil. in Economics. Applications must be made by the Friday of eighth week in Michaelmas Full Term. The examination will be held in the eighth week of Trinity Full Term. The examiners may also examine any candidate viva voce. In exceptional circumstances, the Economics Graduate Studies Committee may give permission for a candidate to defer one of these papers. This paper will then be taken at the same time as the final examination.

Candidates who pass these papers will proceed to the second year of the course and take the Final Examination at the end of the second year. Candidates who fail only one out of the three papers may, by permission of the Economics Graduate Studies Committee, proceed to the second year of the course and resit the one failed paper at the same time as the final examination. Otherwise, candidates who fail the first-year examination will be permitted to resit all three papers at the end of their second year but will not be permitted to enter the final examination at that time. If they then pass the three compulsory papers, they will be permitted to proceed with the course and enter the final examination at the end of their third year. In exceptional cases, the Economics Graduate Studies Committee may permit the deferral of resitting one of the three papers at the end of the second year until the final examination. No candidate will be permitted to resit any of the compulsory papers more than once.

Final Examination

No candidate shall enter the final examination unless he or she has already passed the three compulsory papers in the first-year examinations, save that the Economics Graduate Studies Committee may permit any candidate who has failed one of the compulsory papers to resit that paper at the same time as the final examination.

All candidates must offer five second year papers and submit a thesis.*

Candidates must take at least one starred (*) paper (advanced core subject) and at least one non-starred paper (field subject).

Candidates must deliver two copies of the thesis (clearly marked with the candidate's name, college, and the words ‘M.Phil in Economics’ and accompanied by a statement signed by the candidate that it is the candidate's own work except where otherwise indicated) to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG, by noon on Wednesday in the third week of Trinity Full Term in which the final examination is to be taken. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of their thesis in the Economics Library.

The Examiners may also examine any candidate viva voce.

Second year papers for the M.Phil. in Economics

Second year papers are normally available in the following subject areas:

1. Advanced Macroeconomics 1*
2. Advanced Macroeconomics 2*
3. Advanced Microeconomics 1*
4. Advanced Microeconomics 2*
5. Advanced Econometrics 1*
6. Advanced Econometrics 2*
7. Advanced Econometrics 3*
8. Behavioural Economics
9. Development Economics 1: The Microeconomics of Development
10. Development Economics 2: Topics in Development Economics
11. Economic History 1: The Great Divergence
12. Economic History 2: Money, Finance and Cycles in History
13. Financial Economics 1
14. Financial Economics 2
15. Industrial Organisation 1: Pricing and Competition Analysis
16. Industrial Organisation 2: Market Structure and Industry Performance
17. International Trade 1
18. International Trade 2
19. Labour Economics: The Economics of Pay and Personnel
20. Public Economics.

A descriptive list of second year papers for an academic year, together with their rubrics, will be published before the beginning of the year by the Department of Economics. Not all second year papers on the descriptive list may be available in that year. The definitive list of second year papers together with information on content and structure will be published in the MPhil Economics Handbook published at the beginning of Michaelmas Term of the year in which the exam is to be taken.

For all Economics papers candidates are permitted the use of a hand-held pocket calculator from a list of permitted calculators, which will be updated annually in the week prior to the first full week of Michaelmas Term and published by the Department of Economics on its website.

English Studies (Medieval Period)

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of English Language and Literature are as follows:

Every candidate must follow for at least six terms a course of study in English.

In the first year candidates must follow the courses and submit the essays and dissertations prescribed for the M.St. in English. Candidates must have achieved a pass mark in the first-year assessments before they are allowed to proceed to the second year.

In the second year candidates must offer three of the following subjects and a dissertation.

Syllabus

1. The History of the Book in Britain before 1550 (Candidates will be required to transcribe from and comment on specimens written in English under examination conditions (1 hour).)
2. Old English
3. The Literature of England after the Norman Conquest
4. The Medieval Drama
5. Religious Writing in the Later Middle Ages
6. Medieval Romance
7. Old Norse sagas
8. Old Norse poetry
9. Old Norse special topic (only to be taken by candidates offering either paper 7 or paper 8 or both)
10./11. One or two of the C course special options as on offer in any year, as specified by the M.St. English, provided that they may not re-take any option on which they have submitted examined work as part of their M.St. course.
12./13./14./15. Relevant options from other courses as specified in the list for the year concerned which will be published by the Graduate Studies Office before the beginning of MT.

Examination

The method of examination for each course will be an essay of 5,000-7,000 words to be submitted to Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford not later than noon on Thursday of the tenth week of Michaelmas Term or Hilary Term (depending on the term in which the course was offered).

Two copies of the dissertation (c.15,000 words) on a subject related to their subject of study should be delivered to Examination Schools, by noon on Monday of the eighth week of Trinity Term. The dissertation must be presented in proper scholarly form. Candidates must gain approval of the topic of their dissertation by writing to the Chairman of the M.St./M.Phil. examiners, care of the English Graduate Studies Office, by Friday of sixth week of Hilary Term, providing an outline of the topic of not more than 200 words.

Each candidate's choice of subjects shall require the approval of the Chairman of the M.St./M.Phil. examiners, care of the English Graduate Studies Office. Approval must be applied for on or before Saturday of the second week of Michaelmas Term preceding the examination.

Candidates are warned that they must avoid duplicating in their answers to one part of the examination material that they have used in another part of the examination, but the dissertation may incorporate work submitted for the first year dissertation.

No candidate who has failed any of the above subjects will be awarded the degree in that examination. Candidates who fail any one of the three papers or the dissertation may re-submit that element by noon on the last Monday of the Long Vacation; candidates who fail more than one element of the examination (including one element plus the translation paper where applicable) must re-submit those elements (and, where applicable, take the translation paper) according to the timetable for the examination in the following year. A candidate may only resubmit or retake a paper on one occasion.

Evidence-Based Social Intervention

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

1. Candidates must follow for at least six terms a course of instruction in Evidence-Based Social Intervention.
2. Qualifying Test Every candidate must pass a qualifying test at the end of the third term from the beginning of the course in the two compulsory papers, Evidence-Based Interventions and Research Methods and one Optional Paper from the list of optional papers specified by the Department of Social Policy and Intervention. This will be from a list published annually by Friday of the sixth week of Michaelmas Full Term in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention. The examiners may examine candidates viva voce. Candidates who fail the qualifying test will be allowed to retake the test before the beginning of the first week of the next academic year. The Social Policy and Intervention Graduate Studies Committee can decide that the retake shall consist of the whole test or parts thereof.
3. Final Examination Every candidate must offer:
1. (i) One further optional paper. This will be from a list published annually by Friday of the sixth week of Michaelmas Full Term in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention.
2. (ii) A thesis* of not more than 30,000 words , on a topic related to, and attentive to the methods of, Evidence-Based Social Intervention, to be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon of Friday of the sixth week of Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken. Successful candidates may be required to deposit a copy of their thesis in the Social Science Library.
The examiners may examine any candidate viva voce.
The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination on the basis of the material submitted to them in both the qualifying test and the final examination.

Compulsory Papers

Evidence-Based Interventions. As specified for the M.Sc. in Evidence-Based Social Intervention.

Research Methods. As specified for the M.Sc. in Evidence-Based Social Intervention.

Optional Papers

These will be from a list published annually by Friday of the sixth week of Michaelmas Full Term in the Department of Social Policy and Intervention. Not every option will be offered in any one year, and applicants for admission will be advised of this. Areas from which options may be offered include: promoting the welfare of children and families; multicultural mental health interventions; substance misuse and offending; interventions in relation to HIV and AIDS; community analysis and community-based intervention; refugees and asylum seekers. Certain other options from the M.Sc. in Comparative Social Policy may also be available in any one year.

General Linguistics and Comparative Philology

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Faculty of Linguistics, Philology and Phonetics are as follows:

1. Candidates shall normally have a degree in a subject which has given them at least some experience of linguistic or philological work. Those intending to offer options chosen from C or D below should normally have, and may be required to demonstrate, some knowledge of the chosen (group of) language(s) and those intending to offer options chosen from C will normally be expected to be able to read secondary literature in French and German.
2. Each candidate is required:
1. (a) to present himself or herself for written examination as defined in regulation 2 below;
2. (b) to deliver to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, not later than noon on the Friday of the first week of the Trinity Term in the academic year in which he is examined, two copies of a thesis of not more than 25,000 words on the subject approved in accordance with regulation 5 below. The word limit excludes the bibliography, appendices consisting of a catalogue of data, any extensive text which is specifically the object of a commentary or linguistic analysis, and any translation of that text, but includes quotations and footnotes.
3. (c) to present himself or herself for an oral examination if and when required by the examiners.
3. The examination shall consist of four parts:
1. (a) One general paper as indicated in A.
2. (b) Three papers which must be chosen from those listed in B or must be those listed in C or those listed in D.
A. Linguistic Theory. B.
1. (i) Phonetics and Phonology.
2. (ii) Syntax.
3. (iii) Semantics.
4. (iv) Historical and comparative linguistics.
5. (v) Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics.
6. (vi) History and structure of a language.
7. (vii) Experimental Phonetics.
8. (viii) Sociolinguistics.
9. (ix) Computational Linguistics.
10. (x) [Until 1 October 2013: Any other subject which, from time to time, the faculty at its own discretion may consider suitable.] [From 1 October 2013: Any one option from those offered as C options for the M.St. in English Language.]
11. [From 1 October 2013: (xi) Any other subject which, from time to time, the Faculty of Linguistics, Philology and Phonetics at its own discretion may consider suitable.]
C.
1. (i) The comparative grammar of two Indo-European languages or language groups.
2. (ii) The historical grammar of the languages or language groups selected.
3. (iii) Translation from, and linguistic comment upon, texts in the languages selected.
D.
1. (i) The history of one or two languages.
2. (ii) The structure of the language or languages selected.
3. (iii) Either (a) Translation from, and/or linguistic comment upon, texts in the language or languages selected, Or (b) Any paper from B above except B (vi).
4. The general paper A and the papers in C and D are each assessed by 3-hour written examination. The papers in B are assessed by one of:
1. (a) 3-hour written examination.
2. [Until 1 October 2013: (b) An essay of between 5,000 and 7,500 words (these limits to exclude the bibliography, any text that is being edited or annotated, any translation of that text, and any descriptive catalogue or similar factual matter, but to include quotations, notes and appendices). The essay (in two typewritten copies) must be sent in a parcel bearing the words ‘Essay for the M.St/M.Phil in General Linguistics and Comparative Philology’ to the Chair of Examiners for the Degree of M.St/M.Phil in General Linguistics, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford.
3. (c) A written report of between 5,000 and 7,500 words on the design and execution of an original research project. The report (in two typewritten copies) must be sent in a parcel bearing the words ‘Research report for the M.St/M.Phil in General Linguistics and Comparative Philology’ to the Chair of Examiners for the Degree of M.Phil in General Linguistics, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford.]
4. [From 1 October 2013: (b) An essay of between 5,000 and 7,500 words (these limits to exclude symbols and diacritics, figures, the bibliography, appendices consisting of a catalogue of data, questionnaire, or other research instrument used to gather data, any extensive text which is specifically the object of a commentary or linguistic analysis, and any translation of that text, but include quotations and footnotes). For all B papers except for B(ix) and B(x), the essay (in two typewritten copies) must be sent in a parcel bearing the words 'Essay for the M.St./M.Phil. in General Linguistics and Comparative Philology' to the Chair of Examiners for the Degree of M.St/M.Phil in General Linguistics, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford. Work for paper B(ix) is submitted as specified in the regulations for the M.Sc. in Computer Science, and work for papers under B(x) is submitted as specified in the regulations for the M.St. in English Language.
5. (c) A written report of between 5,000 and 7,500 words on the design and execution of an original research project (these limits exclude symbols and diacritics, figures, the bibliography, appendices consisting of a catalogue of data, questionnaire, or other research instrument used to gather data, any extensive text which is specifically the object of a commentary or linguistic analysis, and any translation of that text, but include quotations and footnotes). The research report (in two typewritten copies) must be sent in a parcel bearing the words 'Written work for the M.St./M.Phil. in General Linguistics and Comparative Philology' to the Chair of Examiners for the Degree of M.St./M.Phil. in General Linguistics, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford.]
In addition, the lecturer on the course of instruction may require:
1. (a) one or more practical problem set(s), to be completed and submitted at a time specified by the lecturer; and
2. (b) one or more oral presentation(s) in a public forum.
For each paper in B, the lecturer on the course of instruction shall prescribe a suitable combination of these options, and shall make available to the Chair of Examiners evidence showing the extent to which each candidate has pursued an adequate course of work.
5. Of the two languages or language groups selected by the candidates who wish to offer the papers mentioned in C above, one must be studied in greater depth than the other. Combinations previously offered under the auspices of the Faculty of Linguistics, Philology and Phonetics are:
1. (a) Greek with the elements of Sanskrit Philology.
2. (b) Italic with the elements of Old Irish Philology.
3. (c) Germanic with the elements of Greek Philology.
4. (d) Greek with the elements of Anatolian Philology.
5. (e) Romance with the elements of Italic Philology.
6. (f) Italic with the elements of Greek Philology.
7. (g) Sanskrit with the elements of Greek Philology.
8. (h) Greek with the elements of Slavonic Philology.
9. (i) Celtic with the elements of Italic Philology. Other combinations will be allowed subject to the approval of the faculty and the availability of teaching.
6. The language or languages selected by the candidates who wish to offer the papers mentioned in D above may be ancient (e.g. Ancient Greek, Latin, Sanskrit, Akkadian, etc.) or modern (e.g. French, Italian, German, English, Turkish, etc.). Only languages for which teaching is available at the time may be offered.
7. The choice of the subjects for the thesis and examination will be subject to the approval of the candidate's supervisor and the faculty, having regard to the candidate's previous experience and to the availability of teaching. Not all options may be offered every year. The subjects which a candidate wishes to offer for examination must be submitted to the faculty for approval not later than Monday of the first week in Michaelmas Term in the academic year in which the candidate is to be examined. The subject of the thesis must be submitted for approval by the faculty not later than Monday of the first week in Michaelmas Term in the academic year in which the candidate is to be examined.
8. The examiners may require a successful candidate to deposit one of the submitted copies of his thesis in the Bodleian Library. Such a candidate will be required to complete a form stating whether he gives permission for his thesis to be consulted. Candidates are reminded that work submitted for the degree of M.Phil. may subsequently be incorporated in a thesis submitted for the degree of D.Phil.
9. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate is not of sufficient merit to qualify him for the degree of M.Phil. but is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify him for the Degree of Master of Studies in General Linguistics and Comparative Philology, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. examination under appropriate regulation or of being granted permission to supplicate for the Degree of Master of Studies.
10. The examiners may award a Distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Geography and the Environment

1. The Social Sciences Board shall elect for the supervision of the course a Standing Committee, comprising the Director and Deputy Director of the International Graduate School and the two Course Directors of the M.Sc programmes identified in (2) below. The Director of the International Graduate School shall be the Course Director.
2. During the first year, candidates for the M.Phil will:
1. (a) follow a course of instruction for three terms under the aegis of the School of Geography and the Environment in one of the three M.Sc. programmes, either Nature, Society and Environmental Policy, or Biodiversity, Conservation and Management, or Water Science Policy and Management. They will be assessed in all aspects of the M.Sc. programme, with the exception of the dissertation.
2. (b) develop a thesis topic, the title and proposal for which will be submitted for approval to the Course Director by the end of Hilary Term of the first year, on the date specified by the department. Candidates registered for the M.Sc programmes listed in paragraph 2 may petition for transfer to the M.Phil degree by submitting a thesis title and proposal by the deadline stipulated above.
3. Examinations at the end of the first year will serve to qualify for entry into the second year of the M.Phil course. Candidates who fail one or more papers at the end of the first year without compensating strength on other papers will be required to resit and pass the failed paper or papers, as determined by the Standing Committee, by the start of the Michaelmas Term of their second year in order to proceed with the degree.
4. In the second year, candidates for the M.Phil will:
1. (a) offer a thesis of not more than 30,000 words, excluding footnotes, appendices and the abstract. The thesis shall be accompanied by an abstract not exceeding 150 words. Two typewritten copies of the thesis must be submitted to the Examination Schools and addressed to the Chairman of Examiners of the M.Phil in Geography, c/o the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon of the first weekday of September at the end of the second year. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of their thesis in the Bodleian Library, and will be required to sign a form stating whether they will permit their thesis to be consulted. The thesis shall be accompanied by a statement certifying that the thesis is the candidate’s own work except where otherwise indicated.
2. (b) submit one extended essay based on new work set as part of the assessment of the appropriate SoGE M.Sc elective module not taken in the first year of study. Essays based on an elective taken during Michaelmas Term shall be submitted by noon on the first weekday of Hilary Term. Essays based on an elective taken during Hilary Term, shall be submitted by noon on the first weekday of Trinity Term. Approval for the topic of the essay must have been obtained from the elective leader prior to submission. The extended essay shall be accompanied by a statement certifying that the extended essay is the candidate’s own work except where otherwise indicated.
5. Arrangements for reassessment shall be as follows: Candidates who fail to satisfy the examiners on the thesis and/or the extended essay may resubmit the thesis and/or the extended essay on not more than one occasion, which shall normally be within one year of the original failure.
6. Viva voce examination: Candidates must present themselves for viva voce examination when required to do so by the examiners.
7. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Greek and/or Latin Languages and Literature

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Classics are as follows:

1. Qualifications. Candidates must satisfy the board that they possess the necessary qualifications in Greek and/or Latin to profit by the course.
2. Course. Every candidate must follow for at least six terms a course of instruction in Greek and/or Latin Languages and Literature. Candidates will, when they enter for the examination, be required to produce from their society a certificate that they are following such a course.
3. Options. See the schedule below. Candidates are required to offer a thesis (C) and any two options chosen from A and B.
4. Approval of Options. The choice of options will be subject to the approval of the candidate's supervisor and of the Graduate Studies Committee in Classics, having regard to the candidate's previous experience, the range covered by the proposed options, and the availability of teaching and examining resources.

Not all options may be available in any given year.

Candidates must submit their provisional choice of options to the Graduate Studies Administrator, Classics Centre, 66 St. Giles', Oxford OX1 3LU not later than noon on the Monday of the week preceding first week of Hilary Full Term next after the beginning of their course; the proposed thesis title not later than Tuesday of first week in the Trinity Full Term next following; and the proposed titles of any pre-submitted essays (see §§ 5 and 7) as soon as practicable, but in any case no later than noon on the Monday of the week preceding first week of Hilary Full Term of the second year of the course (except that the titles of essays to be examined at the end of the first year of study in accordance with cl. 8 below should be submitted no later than the noon on the Monday of the week preceding first week of Hilary Full Term of the first year of the course).

5. Examination. Each option in section A will be examined by (i) a written paper (three hours) of passages for translation and comment, in which the passages for comment will be set only from the books listed under α in each case, while passages for translation will be set from the books listed under both α and β in each case, and (ii) by three presubmitted essays (see § 7 below) which between them display knowledge of more than a narrow range of the topic. For the examinations to be set in the options under Section B, see the detailed schedule in the Student Handbook.
6. Any candidate whose native language is not English may bring a bilingual (native language to English) dictionary for use in any examination paper where candidates are required to translate Ancient Greek and/or Latin texts into English.
7. Presubmitted essays. Essays should each be of between 5,000 and 7,500 words (these limits to exclude the bibliography, any text that is being edited or annotated, any translation of that text, and any descriptive catalogue or similar factual matter, but to include quotations, notes and appendices). A note of the word-count must be included. Supervisors or others are permitted to give bibliographical help with, and to discuss a first draft of, such essays. The essays (two typewritten or printed copies) must be delivered in a parcel bearing the words ‘Essays presubmitted for the M.Phil. in Greek and/or Latin Languages and Literature’ to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG, to arrive by noon on Thursday of sixth week in the appropriate Trinity Full Term.
8. One of the two options taken from A and B must be completed by the end of the first year of study. If it is an option to be examined by presubmitted essays, these must be delivered as in § 7 above, but to arrive by noon on the Thursday of sixth week in the Trinity Full Term of the first year of study for the M.Phil.
9. In theses and pre-submitted essays all quotations from primary or secondary sources, and all reporting or appropriation of material from those sources, must be explicitly acknowledged. Each candidate must sign a certificate to the effect that the thesis or pre-submitted essay is the candidate's own work, and that the candidate has read the Faculty's guidelines on plagiarism. This declaration must be placed in a sealed envelope bearing the candidate's examination number and presented together with the thesis or pre-submitted essay.
10. Oral Examination. Candidates are required to present themselves for oral examination if summoned by the examiners.
11. Distinction. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.
12. A candidate who fails to satisfy the examiners may enter for the examination on one (but not more than one) subsequent occasion (as provided under the appropriate regulation). If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate, while not of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of M.Phil., is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of M.St. in Greek and/or Latin Languages and Literature, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. or of being granted leave to supplicate for the degree of Master of Studies.

Schedule

Section A

1. Historiography 2. Lyric Poetry 3. Early Greek Hexameter Poetry 4. Greek Tragedy 5. Comedy 6. Hellenistic Poetry 7. Cicero 8. Ovid 9. Latin Didactic 10. Neronian Literature
The exact prescribed texts for each of options 1-10 will be as listed in the Student Handbook.

[See Table 24]

12. Any other text or combination of texts approved by the Graduate Studies Committee in Classics.

In 1-11 passages for translation and comment will be set from the editions listed in the regulations for the Honour School of Literae Humaniores. The editions to be used for any option approved under 12 will be specified by the Graduate Studies Committee in Classics.

Section B

1. The transmission of Greek texts, and the elements of palaeography and textual criticism, with closer study of Euripides, Orestes 1-347 and 1246-1693. Candidates will be required (i) to presubmit two essays on some aspect of the transmission of Greek texts or textual criticism, (ii) to transcribe a passage from a medieval manuscript (1 hour), and (iii) to take a paper of transcription and of comment on passages in the set text (Honour School of Literae Humaniores, option III.9; 3 hours). (Candidates will be expected to show such knowledge of Greek metre as is necessary to the proper handling of the text, and to show as appropriate, knowledge of the whole play.)
2. The transmission of Latin texts, and the elements of palaeography and textual criticism, with closer study of either (a) Seneca, Agamemnon or Catullus 1-14, 27-39, 44-51, 65-7, 69-76, 95-101, 114-16*. Candidates will be required (i) to presubmit two essays on some aspect of the transmission of Latin texts or textual criticism, (ii) to transcribe a passage from a medieval manuscript (1 hour), and (iii) to take a paper of transcription and to comment on passages in either (a) or (b) (Honour School of Literae Humaniores, subject III.10; 3 hours). (Candidates will be expected to show such knowledge of Latin metre as is necessary for a proper handling of the text.)
3. Greek and Latin Papyrology, with special reference to literary papyri. Candidates will be required (i) to submit two essays that between them display more than a narrow range of the topic, and (ii) to undertake a practical test, in their own time, in deciphering and commenting on original papyri. (The examiners, in consultation with the supervisor and/or the teacher of the course, will assign each candidate a papyrus or small group of papyri not later than Saturday of sixth week in the Hilary Full Term preceding the candidate's final term; he or she must prepare an edition of it, in proper scholarly form, and deliver two typed copies of this edition to the Examination Schools not later than noon on Thursday of sixth week in the Trinity Full Term in which the examination will be taken. The copies should be accompanied by a statement signed by the candidate to the effect that they are solely his or her own work. This statement must be placed in a sealed envelope bearing the candidate's examination number and presented together with the copies.)
4. Comparative Philology, with special reference to the history of the Greek and/or Latin language. Two papers will be set. Paper (i), Essays, will cover (a) basic questions about the comparative and/or historical grammar of Greek and/or Latin, and (b) questions about the history of the Greek and/or Latin language. Paper (ii), texts for translation and linguistic commentary, will include a compulsory question with passages from either Greek dialect inscriptions or Latin archaic inscriptions; other passages will be set from Greek and/or Latin literary texts; there will be an opportunity to show knowledge of Linear B and/or Oscan and Umbrian.
5. Theory and methodology of classical literary studies. Candidates will be expected to be familiar with the major theoretical and methodological issues that arise in the study of ancient literature, and with the major positions in contemporary critical theory and their relationship to classical studies. They will be required to show knowledge of a range of issues in these areas. Examination will be by means of four pre-submitted essays.
6. Intermediate Greek. Candidates will be expected to be familiar with An Anthology of Greek Prose, ed. D. A. Russell (Oxford University Press 1991), nos. 17, 18, 23, 24, 33, 40, 44, 66, 78. There will be one two-hour paper and one three-hour paper. The first paper will include passages for unseen translation and grammatical questions on the Russell selection. In the second paper candidates will be expected to translate from the Russell selection and also from two of the following texts: (i) Herodotus I. 1-94 [ed. Hude, OCT]; (ii) Plutarch, Life of Antony 1-9, 23-36, 71-87 [ed. Pelling, CUP]; (iii) Euripides, Bacchae [ed. Diggle, OCT]. Alternative texts for translation under this head may be offered by agreement with the Graduate Studies Committee.
7. Intermediate Latin. Candidates will be expected to be familiar with An Anthology of Latin Prose, ed. D. A. Russell (Oxford University Press 1990), nos. 7, 12, 22, 23, 34, 52, and 63. There will be one two-hour paper and one three-hour paper. The first paper will include passages for unseen translation and grammatical questions on the Russell selection. In the second paper candidates will be expected to translate from the Russell selection and also from two of the following texts: (i) Cicero, Pro Caelio [ed. OCT]; (ii) Pliny, Letters I. 6, 9, 13, 19; VII. 21, 24, 26, 29; VIII. 16, 17; IX. 6, 12, 15, 27, 33, 39; X. 31, 32, 96, 97 [ed. M. B. Fisher and M. R. Griffin, CUP 1973]; (iii) Ovid, Metamorphoses 8 [ed. A. S. Hollis, OUP 1970]. Alternative texts for translation under this head may be offered by agreement with the Graduate Studies Committee.
8. Any other subject approved by the Graduate Studies Committee in Classics, which will determine the method of examination.

Section C

A thesis of up to 25,000 words, on a subject to be proposed by the candidate in consultation with the supervisor, and approved by the Graduate Studies Committee in Classics. (The thesis word limit excludes the bibliography, any text that is being edited or annotated, any translation of that text, and any descriptive catalogue or similar factual matter, but includes quotations, notes and appendices. A note of the word-count must be included.) Supervisors or others are permitted to give bibliographical help and to discuss drafts.

The thesis (two typewritten or printed copies) must be delivered in a parcel bearing the words ‘Thesis for the M.Phil. in Greek and/or Latin Languages and Literature’ to reach the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG, by noon on Thursday of sixth week in the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken.

The examiners may invite a successful candidate to agree that one copy of his or her thesis be deposited in the Bodleian Library.

Greek and/or Roman History

(See also the general notice at the beginning of these regulations.)

1. Every candidate must follow, for at least six terms, a course of instruction in Greek and/or Roman History. Candidates will, when they enter for the examination, be required to produce from their society a certificate that they are following such a course.
2. Candidates may satisfy the Examiners in not more than three options in the Trinity Term of the first year of their course.
3.
1. (a) In the case of options in languages, Schedule A below, candidates will be examined by written examination. Candidates taking options A (iii)-(vi) may bring a dictionary for their use in the examination. Any candidate taking either of options A (i) or A (ii) whose native language is not English may bring a bilingual (native language-English) dictionary for use in the examination.
2. (b) For options in topics and techniques, Schedules B and C below, candidates will be required to pre-submit two essays of not more than 5,000 words in length, which between them display knowledge of more than a narrow range of the topic covered by the course. (The essay word limit excludes the bibliography, any text that is being edited or annotated, any translation of that text, and any descriptive catalogue or similar factual matter, but includes quotations, notes and appendices.)
3. (c) For the Graduate Seminars, Schedule E below, candidates will be required to pre-submit one essay of not more than 5,000 words, based on a presentation to the Seminar, and one essay of not more than 5,000 words, based on other work done in connection with the Seminar. (The essay word limit excludes the bibliography, any text that is being edited or annotated, any translations of that text, and any descriptive catalogue or similar factual matter, but includes quotations, notes and appendices.)
4. Supervisors or others are permitted to give bibliographical help with and to discuss drafts of essays. Such essays (two typewritten or printed copies) must be sent in a parcel bearing the words ‘Essays presubmitted for the M.Phil. in Greek and/or Roman History’ to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, ox1 4bg by noon on the Thursday of the sixth week of the Trinity Term in which the examination is to be taken.
4. Every candidate shall be examined viva voce unless individually dispensed by the examiners.
5. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate, while not of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of M.Phil., is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of Master of Studies in Greek and/or Roman History, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. (as provided under the appropriate regulation) or of being granted leave to supplicate for the degree of Master of Studies.
6. Syllabus Candidates must offer (1) an option from A below, (2) an option from B below (3) an option from B or C below, (4) a dissertation as described in D below, and must take, in the first year of their course, (5) one of the Graduate Seminars in Ancient History as described in E below. The option from A must be (i) or (ii), unless a candidate is dispensed from this requirement by the Graduate Studies Committee for Ancient History. Not all options may be available in any given year. A
1. (i) Intermediate Greek, as prescribed for the Master of Studies in Greek and/or Roman History. Paper A(ii)
2. (ii) Intermediate Latin, as prescribed for the Master of Studies in Greek and/or Roman History, Paper A(iv).
3. (iii) French
4. (iv) German
5. (v) Italian
6. (vi) Any other language which the candidate has satisfied the Graduate Studies Committee for Ancient History is relevant to their other papers including any dissertation.
B
1. (i) Greek Numismatics
2. (ii) Roman Numismatics
3. (iii) Greek Epigraphy
4. (iv) The Epigraphy of the Roman World
5. (v) Documentary Papyrology
6. (vi) Any of the following papers on the B list of the M.St. in Greek and/or Latin Language and Literature: (i)-(iv); (vii)
7. (vii) Any of the papers from Schedule B of the M.St. in Classical Archaeology
8. (viii) Any other subject approved by the Graduate Studies Committee for Ancient History.
C
1. (i) Greek history to c.650 bce
2. (ii) Greek history to c.650-479 bce
3. (iii) Greek history to c.479-336 bce
4. (iv) Athenian democracy in the Classical age
5. (v) Alexander and his successors 336-301 bce
6. (vi) The Hellenistic world 301-c.100 bce
7. (vii) Rome and the Mediterranean world 241-146 bce
8. (viii) Roman history 146-46 bce
9. (ix) Cicero
10. (x) Roman history 46 bce-54 ce
11. (xi) Roman history 54-138 ce
12. (xii) Roman history 138-312 ce
13. (xiii) The ecology, agriculture and settlement history of the ancient Mediterranean world
14. (xiv) The economy of the Roman Empire
15. (xv) The provinces of the Roman Empire
16. (xvi) Greek and/or Roman religion
17. (xvii) Gender and sexuality in the Greek and/or Roman world
18. (xviii) Greek and/or Latin historiography
19. (xix) Roman law
20. (xx) The Church in the Roman Empire from the beginnings to 312 ce
21. (xxi) The world of Augustine
22. (xxii) The City of Rome. This course is run in collaboration with the British School at Rome, and involves attendance at the residential course organised by the School annually in Rome; only those accepted by the School may take the option.
23. (xxiii) British School at Athens taught course (title and topic vary from time to time). This option is run in collaboration with the British School at Athens, and involves attendance at the residential course organised by the School in even-numbered years in Athens; only those accepted by the School may take the option.
24. (xxiv) Any other subject approved by the Graduate Studies Committee for Ancient History.
D
A dissertation of not more than 25,000 words on a subject to be approved by the Graduate Studies Committee for Ancient History. (The dissertation word limit excludes the bibliography, any text that is being edited or annotated, any translation of that text, and any descriptive catalogue or similar factual matter, but includes quotations, notes and appendices.)
The dissertation (two typewritten or printed copies) must be sent in a parcel bearing the words ‘Dissertation for the M.Phil. in Greek and/or Roman History’ to The Chairman of the Examiners, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, to arrive no later than the Thursday of the sixth week of the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken.
E
Graduate Seminars
1. (i) Greece and the East
2. (ii) Rome and the West
These working seminars, organised by members of the faculty in areas of current interest to them, run fortnightly in Michaelmas and Hilary Terms. The topics of the Seminars will vary from time to time. Details are announced in the Graduate handbook for the Degrees of M.St. and M.Phil. in Greek and/or Roman History.
7. All options, including the dissertation, require the approval of the candidate's supervisor and the Graduate Studies Committee for Ancient History, having regard to the candidate's previous experience, the range covered by the chosen options, and the availability of teaching and examining resources. The options must be submitted for approval not later than the Friday of the fifth week of Michaelmas Term in the candidate's first academic year. Candidates will not normally be allowed to be examined in languages of which they are native speakers or which they have previously studied in taught courses for more than two years.

History of Science, Medicine, and Technology

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations of the Board of the Faculty of History are as follows:

(1) Every candidate must follow for at least six terms a course of instruction in History of Science, Medicine, and Technology, and must upon entering for the examination produce from his or her society a certificate to that effect.
(2) The examination will consist of the following parts:
Qualifying test
Every candidate must pass a qualifying test. The test shall consist of two courses on
1. Methods and themes in the history of science and technology.
2. Methods and themes in the history of medicine.
Candidates may be advised on the basis of their prospective individual research to substitute one of the following courses from the Master of Philosophy in Economic and Social History for (1) or (2) above:
1. (i) Methodological introduction to research in the social sciences and history.
2. (ii) Quantitative Methods and Computer Applications for Historians.
A paper from another established course within the University may be substituted for one of the standard courses where this would provide a more appropriate training for the candidate's dissertation focus. Such a choice will need formal approval from both the Course Director and the Chair of the Graduate Studies Committee of the Board of the Faculty of History.
The two methodological introduction courses will each be assessed by a methodological essay of up to 3,000 words. Two typewritten copies of each of the essays must be submitted by noon on Monday of second week of Hilary Term of the candidate’s ﬁrst year to the Chair of Examiners for the M.Phil. in History of Science, Medicine, and Technology, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG. In addition, convenors of qualifying courses will conﬁrm in writing to the chairman of examiners not later than Friday of eighth week of Hilary Term the candidates’ satisfactory participation in their classes, including the completion of any assignments for the weekly sessions. Any approved alternative qualifying course will be assessed within the format and timetable of the paper’s parent course. No candidate who has failed the qualifying test of two courses will be permitted to supplicate for the degree. Candidates who fail a qualifying course once will be permitted to take it again, not later than one year after the initial attempt.

Final Examination

The examination shall consist of four papers and a dissertation.

I. Three advanced papers at least two of which must be selected from Schedule I below (‘Advanced Papers for the M.Phil. and M.Sc. in History of Science, Medicine, and Technology’), and not more than one from any other M.Phil., the choice of which must be approved by the chairman of the Graduate Studies Committee of the History Board not later than Monday of the fourth week of the second Michaelmas Term of the course. Candidates must take at least two of their advanced papers as three-hour written examinations. For each of their remaining advanced papers candidates must choose to be assessed either by written examination or by two 5,000-word essays. Essays may only be submitted in lieu of written papers for subjects in Schedule I or for papers from other M.Phil.s where similar provision exists in the regulations for those examinations. The essays must be the work of the candidates alone and they must not consult any other person including their supervisors in any way concerning the method of handling the themes chosen. The themes chosen by the candidate must be submitted for approval by the chairman of examiners by the examination entry date. Candidates will be informed within two weeks, by means of a letter directed to their colleges, whether the topics they have submitted have been approved. The finished essays must be delivered by the candidate to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Monday the sixth week of Trinity Term. The essays must be presented in proper scholarly form, and two typed copies of each must be submitted.
II. Either (i) one paper in a discipline or skill or sources or methods selected from Schedule II below. or (ii) A fourth advanced paper selected from Schedule I or from any additional list of papers for the M.Phil. and M.Sc. in History of Science, Medicine, and Technology approved by the Graduate Studies Committee of the Board of the Faculty of History and published in the definitive list of Advanced Papers as set out in Schedule I.
III. A dissertation of not more than 30,000 words, including appendices but excluding bibliography on a topic approved by the candidate's supervisor. The dissertation must be delivered not later than noon on the Monday of the first week of the Trinity Term in which the examination is to be taken to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford. Dissertations submitted must not exceed the permitted length. If they do the examiners will reduce the marks awarded. The presentation and footnotes should comply with the requirements specified in the Regulations of the Education Committee for the degree of M.Litt. and D.Phil. and follow the Conventions for the presentation of dissertations and theses of the Board of the Faculty of History.
Each dissertation must include a short abstract which concisely summarises its scope and principal arguments, in about 300 words.
Candidates must submit by the specified date three copies of their dissertation. These must be securely and firmly bound in either hard or soft covers. One copy of an M.Phil. dissertation which is approved by the examiners must be deposited in the Bodleian Library. This finalised copy should incorporate any corrections or amendments which the examiners may have requested. It must be in a permanently fixed binding, drilled and sewn, in a stiff board case in library buckram, in a dark colour, and lettered on the spine with the candidate's name and initials, the degree, and the year of submission.

3. Candidates may, if they so wish, be examined in up to two of their four papers (or submit essays in lieu of these papers as provided for above) at the end of their first year.
4. The examiners will permit the use of any hand-held pocket calculator subject to the conditions set out under the heading ‘Use of calculators in examinations’ in the Regulations for the Conduct of University Examinations.
5. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.
6. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate, while not of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of M.Phil., is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of Master of Science in History of Science, Medicine, and Technology, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. (as provided under the appropriate regulation) or of being granted leave to supplicate for the degree of Master of Science.
7. A candidate who fails the examination will be permitted to retake it on one further occasion only, not later than one year after the initial attempt.
Such a candidate whose dissertation has been of a satisfactory standard may resubmit the same piece of work, while a candidate who has reached a satisfactory standard on the written papers will not be required to retake that part of the examination.

Schedule I

Advanced Papers for the M.Phil. and M.Sc. in History of Science, Medicine, and Technology

A broad range of the course resources are shared with the corresponding courses in Economic and Social History, and Advanced Papers are therefore available in the subject areas listed here.

1. Economic and business history
2. History of science and technology
3. Social history
4. Historical demography
5. History of medicine A descriptive list of Advanced Papers will be published by the Board of the Faculty of History in September for the academic year ahead (not all options may be available in every year). The definitive list of the titles of Advanced Papers for any one year will be circulated to candidates and their supervisors and posted on the Faculty notice board not later than Friday of third week of Michaelmas Term.

Schedule II

The paper in a relevant discipline or skill may be:

1. One of the papers from the M.Phil. in Economics.
2. One of the papers from the M.Phil. in Sociology or in Comparative Social Policy.
3. One of the papers from the M.Phil. in Russian and East European Studies.
4. One suitable paper from another Master's degree under the auspices of the Faculty of History approved from time to time by the Graduate Studies Committee of the Board of History.
5. One suitable paper from another Master's degree on the recommendation of the candidate's supervisor and endorsed by the Course Director. Choices under Schedule II have to be approved by the Chair of the Graduate Studies Committee of the Board of the Faculty of History not later than Monday of the fourth week of the second Michaelmas Term of the course. Candidates wishing to take a paper under 1, 2, 3, or 5 will also need the approval of the appropriate course convenor and the Graduate Studies Committee of the relevant faculty board or inter-faculty committee who need to be satisfied that each candidate has an adequate background in the subject. Not all options may be available in any one year.

International Relations

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Social Sciences Board are as follows:

Qualifying Test

Every candidate must pass a qualifying test before the end of the third term from commencement of the course unless given exemption by the International Relations Graduate Studies Committee. The qualifying test shall be set and administered by the examiners appointed to examine for the M.Phil. in International Relations. This test shall consist of three parts, as follows:

1. A formally assessed Research Proposal of 4,000 words on the subject of the student's proposed M.Phil. thesis. The date of submission, the scope and the format are as stated in the Notes of Guidance for Graduate Students and Supervisors in International Relations as published annually by the Department of Politics and International Relations.
2. A single, three-hour examination paper covering material from the core papers as taught in the first two terms. Details of the scope and coverage are given in the Notes of Guidance for Graduate Students and Supervisors in International Relations. The examination shall take place on the Thursday of noughth week of Trinity Term, the exact time to be set by the examiners.
3. The examiners must also be satisfied that candidates have satisfactorily completed their designated course of research training, and candidates must submit to the examiners all course work completed as a part of their research methods training. The coursework requirements, including administrative arrangements and dates of submission, are set out in the Notes of Guidance for Graduate Students and Supervisors in International Relations. Candidates should note that the Notes of Guidance will set dates for the submission (and, where necessary resubmission) of work for individual research modules.
Entries for the qualifying test must be made on the appropriate form, obtainable from the University Offices, by Friday of the fourth week of the Hilary Full Term following the candidate's admission. Candidates who fail the examination part of the qualifying test may retake it in the eighth week of the same Trinity Term. Candidates who fail the research design essay or the course work submitted for the research modules may resubmit their work by the last Friday of the week falling two weeks before Week One of the following Michaelmas Term.

Final Examination

No candidate shall enter the final examination unless he or she has already passed the qualifying test or has been granted exemption by the Graduate Studies Committee as stated above. In the final examination every candidate must offer:

1. A thesis of not more than 30,000 words, excluding bibliography, to be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Monday in the first week of the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken. Two hard-bound copies of the thesis must be accompanied by a statement that it is the candidate's own work except where otherwise indicated. After the examination process is complete, one of the bound copies of the thesis of each successful candidate is sent by the Department to the Bodleian Library, and the other can be collected from the Department by the candidate.
2. The Development of the International System since 1900. The history of the relations between states in peace and war, and the development of the international system since 1900. It will include such topics as: the pre-1914 system; the balance of power and the causes of the First World War; the effects of the peace settlement and the rise of liberal and realist approaches to international relations; collective security and the League of Nations system; political and economic co-operation in the interwar period; the USA, Soviet Union, Middle East, and Far East in the inter-war years; the impact of domestic politics and ideology on foreign policy; the causes of the Second World War; the relationship between politics and strategy in the Second World War; post-war reconstruction and the origins of the Cold War; the evolution of the Cold War; decolonisation and self-determination; regional conflicts; integration in Western Europe; détente and the end of the Cold War; the evolution of international economic institutions; the evolution of security institutions; and international relations in the post Cold War world.
3. Contemporary Debates in International Relations Theory: Ideas about, and explanations of, international relations, concentrating mainly (but not exclusively) on the major theoretical approaches in the academic study of international relations since 1945. The key theories and approaches to be examined include: realism and neo-realism; theories about war, security, and the use of force in international relations; classical liberalism, globalisation, and transformation in world politics; theories about inter-state co-operation and transnationalism; the concept of international society; constructivism and the impact of law and norms in international relations; neo-Marxist and critical theory approaches to international relations; normative theory and international ethics.
4. Two subjects chosen from the following. (Teaching in some options may not be available every year. Students will be advised during the first year of the course of the teaching arrangements for the optional subjects.)
1. (a) European International History since 1945. The origins of the Cold War in Europe; institution-formation (including Council of Europe, NATO, European Communities, CSCE); Europe in East-West relations; Germany, France, and Britain (impact of war, decolonisation; intra-European relations and relations with the superpowers; values, priorities, and historical memory); the emergence and character of European Community/Union external policies; the causes and consequences of the end of the Cold War in Europe.
2. (b) The Politics of the United Nations and its Agencies. Examines the evolving role of the United Nations in world politics. After a theoretical and historical introduction, the option examines the role and significance of the United Nations system in four functional areas: human rights, security, humanitarian action, and refugees/internally displaced persons.
3. (c) The USSR and Russia in International Relations since 1945. The evolution of Soviet foreign policy under Stalin and Khrushchev; the rise and fall of détente; the USSR and the Third World; ideology and Soviet foreign policy; the role of the military and military factors; the emergence of Russian foreign policy; the making of Russian foreign policy and the role of domestic factors; NATO enlargement and relations with Europe; policy in the ‘near abroad’, including Ukraine, Central Asia and the Caucasus.
4. (d) Strategic Studies. The development of strategic thought and practice, and the place of strategic factors in international relations, since the early nineteenth century, with main emphasis on the period since the First World War. The course, which is varied from year to year in accordance with the research interests of the graduate students participating, encompasses the following: security concerns as motives of state behaviour; the phenomenon of civil war and international response to it; the military implications of technological changes, including in weapons, delivery systems, information management and communications; strategic doctrine and practice in specific states, including the major powers, and in different regions of the world; the emergence of doctrines of deterrence, limited war, and peacekeeping; the roles of alliances and international organisations (including the United Nations) in the authorisation and management of force; aspects of international law relating to armed conflict; the attempts to develop alternatives to reliance on national armaments; negotiations about, and measures of, arms limitation and disarmament; the role of guerrilla warfare and non-violent forms of pressure in international relations; political assumptions of strategic thought.
5. (e) The United States in International Relations since 1945. This course examines the foreign policy of the United States since the end of the Second World War. Special emphasis is placed on the forces and factors that have shaped US foreign policy such as political culture, coalitions, the bureaucracy, and cognitive schemas and on the theories used by political scientists to explain the sources and the making of US foreign policy.
6. (f) The International Relations of the Middle East. This course covers the international politics of the Middle East and of the Persian Gulf with an emphasis on the period since 1945. There are three main elements: the foreign policies of the Arab states and the relations between them; the Arab-Israeli conflict; and external involvement in the affairs of the region. The course also examines a number of issue areas such as the impact of economic power, the role of Islam, secular ideologies, security, and the causes and consequences of war.
7. (g) International Political Economy. The interrelationship between the world economy and the international political system, including the principal theories regarding international political economy. The course seeks to integrate readings and discussions on theory and methodology and analysis of contemporary issues in IPE. Topics will include: the reconstruction of the international economy after 1945; the role of the US in the post-war period and theories of hegemonic stability; the politics of international trade and the evolution of the GATT/WTO system; the development of regional economic arrangements and the relationship between regionalism, multilateralism and globalisation in the world economy; the political economy of the European Single Market; the European Monetary Union; current issues in transatlantic economic relations.
8. (h) The Function of Law in the International Community. This course examines the basic aspects of the international legal system, including the sources of international law, the relationship between national law and international law, jurisdiction, state responsibility, and human rights. A central focus is the role of law in international politics, that is, in the day to day relations between states and international organisations, and between states and individuals. The study of the theoretical and analytical aspects of international law, through the literature, is complemented by a practical focus on current issues, including the use of force, international humanitarian law, dispute management, economic conflict, and the role generally of international organisations, particularly the United Nations. Details of the international law documents that will be available to candidates in the examination room will be given in the Notes of Guidance for Graduate Students and Supervisors in International Relations and in the examiners' Advice to Candidates.
9. (i) The International Relations of East Asia. The Yalta settlement in 1945 and its contributions to establishing a durable security order in the region; the origins and impact of the Cold War in the region, in particular through an examination of the Korean War, the transformation of the American occupation of Japan, and the onset of the Sino-American hostility; the fracturing of the Cold War system examined via the sub-regional organisation, ASEAN, the onset of the Sino-Soviet and Sino-Vietnamese conflicts, the Sino-American rapprochement; the features of the post Cold War era, including an examination of newly-established institutions such as the ASEAN regional Forum (ARF) and Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation Forum (APEC). The course also examines a number of issues, such as the international causes and consequences of the economic rise of the regional states, democratisation, and the impact of nuclear weapons. The course content varies to some degree from year to year in accordance with the research interests of those taking this option.
10. (j) Classical Theories of International Relations. This option provides an advanced understanding of the history and thought on International Relations in the period of the classical European state system, with particular emphasis on the period 1750-1939. Topics will include: theories of the state and the development of the concept of sovereignty; nationalism and national self-determination; international institutions (including international law, international organisations, the balance of power, and diplomacy); war and the use of force (including the evolution of strategic thought, doctrines of intervention, and ideas arising from the rise of the peace movement); liberal, marxist and mercantilist approaches to international political economy; imperialism and the expansion of international society; revolution and its impact on international relations; theories of progress and of historical change. The works bearing on these subjects by, inter alia: Rousseau, Herder, Mill, Mazzini, Hegel, Vattel, Hume, Kant, Burke, Castlereagh, von Gentz, Oppenheim, Clausewitz, Smith, Cobden, Bentham, List, Marx, Lenin, Angell, Wilson, Nietzsche, Carr, Zimmern. Candidates will also be expected to demonstrate knowledge of the principal methodological approaches to the history of political thought.
11. (k) The International Relations of the Developing World. The paper analyses the international relations of developing countries from 1945 to the present day. The focus is on the characteristics of developing states and their interaction with the political, economic, and military arrangements in the international system. The paper will address topics including: decolonisation and the emergence of the Third World; the nature of the state and problems of state building in developing countries; the political and economic forces which have shaped international arrangements for trade and finance since 1944; political and economic constraints on growth in the world economy; the international financial institutions and their political impact; the new politics of global investment; intervention, conflict and their consequences; security and the politics of alliance formation; regionalism and ‘regimes’.
12. (l) The International Relations of Latin America. The history of US-Latin American relations, including the regional significance of the Cold War, impact of the end of the Cold War, and the making of US policy towards the region. Relations between the major European states and the European Union and the sub-continent. Foreign and security policies of the principal Latin American states, including interstate alliances, rivalries within the region and the international aspects of internal conflicts. Latin American perspectives on non-interventionism, international law, dispute settlements, the international human rights and regional and international organisations. Regional and sub-regional co-operation and integration schemes, including the Andean Community, Mercosur, NAFTA, and the proposed Free Trade Area of the Americas. The political economy of the multi-national corporation, and international flows of capital, of labour (including undocumented migrants' remittances), and narcotics. Theories of dependency and underdevelopment; liberalism; realism and foreign policy making. Interactions between domestic and international policy, including the international dimensions of democratisation.
13. (m) International Normative Theory. An analysis of the role of norms and ethics in international affairs. Topics include: state sovereignty, national self-determination, global society and cultural diversity, just war, humanitarian intervention, human rights, international justice, transnational environmental responsibility, and the interrelationships of common morality, international law, and political effectiveness in the cases of specific norms. Candidates will be expected to demonstrate knowledge of the principal contemporary approaches to the study of ethics and norms in International Relations.
14. (n) Global Institutional Design. The Option examines the question of what analytical approaches best explain global institutional design and change in a broad range of issue-areas, including trade and money, human rights, the environment, and security. The term "institution" is broadly defined here and includes not only governance arrangements but also regulation, policies, and norms. The option will also explore new research findings of interest not only to theorists in international relations but also to policy-makers struggling with the issue of how to design effective and fair transnational institutional arrangements in a wide-range of issue-areas.
15. (o) From a European to a Global International Society. This paper analyses the transition from a European to a global international society. The paper will address topics including principal theories and historical approaches to the expansion of international society, including postcolonial and other critical perspectives; nineteenth-century theories of economic globalisation, geopolitical change, and cultural hierarchy; inter-war pan-regionalism; decolonisation and racial equality; the Third World movement and Third World coalitions; concepts of emerging powers, Great Powers, regional powers; the role of emerging states including China, India and Brazil in relation to major power-relations, global governance and multilateral institutions, and within their regional context; the evolution of transnational social movements in the South; the role and impact of radical anti-western and non-state actors, including transnational Islamic groups.
16. (p) Special Topic in International Relations. To be decided annually by the International Relations Graduate Studies Committee and, if offered, to be notified to candidates by the end of Hilary Term of their first year.
5. Candidates must present themselves for viva voce examination when requested by the examiners. The examiners shall not normally fail any candidate without inviting him or her to attend such an examination. However, in the case of a failing mark in three or more of a candidate's final examination papers, the examiners shall not be obliged to ask the candidate for a viva. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Judaism and Christianity in the Graeco-Roman World

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Boards of the Faculties of Oriental Studies and Theology are as follows:

Candidates will be admitted to take the examination as defined below in a specific year. In exceptional circumstances candidates may be allowed to take an examination later than one to which they were admitted. Permission for this must be sought from the Faculty Board not later than Monday of the week before the first week of the Trinity Term in which the examination was to have been taken. The application must have the support of the candidate's college and be accompanied by a statement from the supervisor.

I. All candidates shall be required:
1. (a) To satisfy the boards that they possess the necessary knowledge of Hebrew and Greek to profit by the course.
2. (b) To present themselves for a written examination and to offer a thesis, as specified below.
3. (c) To present themselves for viva voce examination unless individually dispensed by the examiners. (No candidate will be failed without a viva.)
II. Candidates shall offer four papers and a thesis, not to exceed 20,000 words. Two papers must be taken on Judaism and two papers must be taken on Christianity, and A(1) and B(1) must be included, unless the boards shall otherwise determine.
A. Judaism
1. (1) Judaism from 200 BCE to 200 CE.
2. (2) Jewish historiography (with prescribed texts).
3. (3) Jewish Bible interpretation (with prescribed texts).
4. (4) Jewish eschatology (with prescribed texts).
5. (5) Jewish wisdom literature (with prescribed texts).
B. Christianity
1. (1) Christianity to 200 CE.
2. (2) The Gospels and the historical Jesus (with prescribed texts).
3. (3) Acts and the Pauline corpus (with prescribed texts).
4. (4) The Apostolic Fathers (with prescribed texts).
5. (5) The Apologists (with prescribed texts).
Note: Texts will be reported to the Faculty Board's second meeting of Michaelmas Full Term in the first year of the course.
III. The Examiners may award a Distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Late Antique and Byzantine Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

1. Each candidate will be required to:
1. (a) follow for at least six terms a course of instruction in Late Antique and Byzantine Studies. Candidates will, when they enter for the examination, be required to produce from their society a certificate that they are following such a course.
2. (b) present a thesis of not more than 30,000 words on a subject approved by his/her supervisor; the thesis (three copies) must be typewritten and delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by Monday of seventh week of Trinity Term of the candidate’s second year at the latest.
3. (c) present himself/herself for a viva voce examination when required to do so by the examiners.
2. Candidates must take four of the following six papers. All candidates take the core paper on History, Art and Archaeology, or, if they already have the required linguistic competence, History and Byzantine Literature. For the remainder of their course they choose either the two Language and Literature papers and one other paper (which may be a second single language paper), or, if they already have considerable competence in their chosen language or languages, and their principal interests lie in History, Art and Archaeology, or Religion, they choose Auxiliary Disciplines and two Special Subjects.
I. Compulsory core paper on History, Art and Archaeology, or History and Byzantine Literature:
Either
1. (a) Late Antiquity (covering the Roman Empire and adjoining regions)
or
1. (b) Byzantium
The core paper will be taught in classes in Michaelmas and Hilary Terms. Examination will be by two 5,000-word essays, to be submitted by Monday of seventh week of Trinity Term of the candidate’s first year.
II. and III. Language and Literature (teaching in Greek, Latin, Slavonic, Armenian, Syriac, and Arabic will normally be available)
These papers are taught over three terms in classes, with reference to a selection of texts and/or extracts from texts which may vary from year to year according to the interests of candidates. Examination is by two three-hour papers: (candidates are permitted the use of relevant bilingual dictionaries, which will be provided by the faculty)
1. (a) translation, and
2. (b) set texts (with passages for translation and comment).
Candidates who are embarking on the study of one of the above languages will normally be expected to take both examinations in that language, but the Committee for Byzantine Studies may in special circumstances permit them to substitute another paper for one of these examination papers, taken at the end of the candidate’s first year. Candidates taking a second language in their second year are only required to enter for examination in a single paper.
IV. Auxiliary Discipline(s):
Either
1. (a) any two of the following: epigraphy, palaeography, numismatics, sigillography
or
1. (b) papyrology: Greek, Coptic or Arabic
or
1. (c) artefact studies: one of ceramics, metalware, ivories, codices, carved marbles.
Paper IV will be taught by lectures/classes/tutorials. Examination will be by a three-hour paper, except for papyrology which is assessed by two 5,000-word essays on distinct aspects of the subject.
V. A Special Subject selected from the subject areas listed under 3. below. Special Subjects will be taught by lectures/classes/tutorials. Examination will be either by two 5,000-word essays or by a 10,000-word dissertation (to be submitted by Monday of seventh week of Trinity Term of the candidate’s first year).
VI. A second Special Subject selected from the subject areas listed under 3. below. Special Subjects will be taught by lectures/classes/tutorials. Examination will be either by two 5,000-word essays or by a 10,000-word dissertation (to be submitted by Monday of seventh week of Trinity Term of the candidate’s second year). Note: both Special Subjects may be taken from the same section of the list below.
3. Overview of Special Subjects (for details, please consult the Course Handbook)
1. (a) History: Special Subjects on offer deal either with specific periods or with certain aspects of late Roman and Byzantine history (including military, diplomatic, political, social, economic and religious history) between the fourth and fifteenth centuries, as well as important developments in neighbouring regions.
2. (b) Art and Archaeology: Special Subjects on offer cover sculpture, portraiture, minor arts, monumental art and architecture of the late Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic spheres of influence as well as the archaeology of town and country throughout the Mediterranean and Near Eastern worlds.
3. (c) Literature (texts prescribed in translation): Special Subjects on offer range through historiography, hagiography, poetry and popular literature, and scholarship in the languages available for the degree programme.
4. (d) Religion: Special Subjects on offer cover theological debates and practical spirituality in the fields of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
5. (e) Such other subjects as may be approved on application to the Committee for Byzantine Studies.
Note: The list of Special Subjects detailed in the Course Handbook reflects the expertises and interests of current postholders. The list may be altered from time to time with developments of expertise and changes of interest on the part of the postholders.
4. Teaching in all the options may not be available each year, and applicants for admission will be advised whether teaching will be available in the options of their choice.
5. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.
6. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate, while not of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of Master of Philosophy, is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of M.St. in Late Antique and Byzantine Studies, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. (as provided by the appropriate regulation) or of being granted leave to supplicate for the degree of Master of Studies.

Latin American Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

For the purposes of this examination, ‘Latin America’ will be interpreted as the eighteen Spanish-speaking republics of the Western Hemisphere, plus Brazil, Haiti, and Puerto Rico.

The regulations are as follows:

Year 1:

1. In the first year, candidates for the M.Phil in Latin American Studies will:
1. (a) Follow for three terms a course of instruction in the M.Sc in Latin American Studies with the exception of the extended essay. Candidates will present three qualifying examinations, each of which counts for 16.6 per cent of the final degree mark. Examinations at the end of the first year will serve to qualify for entry onto the second year of the course.
2. (b) Develop a thesis topic, which will be the subject of fieldwork in the long vacation between the first and second year. A draft title for the thesis must be submitted for approval by the Latin American Centre Management Committee by 12:00 noon on the Friday of Week 0 of Hilary Term.
3. (c) Candidates may also be required to present themselves for an oral examination if requested to do so by the examiners. The oral examination will focus on the candidate’s examination papers.
2. The list of examination papers will be published on the Latin American Centre website and in the University Gazette in Week 0 of Michaelmas Term. Candidates must take the core paper in Economics if they wish to take a further paper in that discipline. Specialisation on a single country or a combination of countries is permitted so long as the choice appears in the list of available papers published.
3. Candidates shall be deemed to have passed the qualifying examination if they have passed all three examination papers.
4. Candidates who fail one of the three papers taken at the end of the first year without compensating strengths on the other papers shall be deemed to have failed the qualifying examination. Such candidates will be required to retake it and pass it by the start of the Michaelmas Term of their second year, on a date stipulated by the Chairman of Examiners, in order to continue the course without interruption.
5. Candidates who fail more than one paper shall be deemed to have failed the qualifying examination. Such candidates will be permitted to retake the papers failed on one (but not more than one) subsequent occasion, in Trinity Term, one year after the initial attempt. Such candidates must pass the papers that they have retaken in order to continue onto the second year of the course.

Year 2:

6. In the second year, candidates for the M.Phil in Latin American Studies will:
1. (a) Offer a thesis of not more than 30,000 words, including footnotes and appendices. Two typewritten copies of the thesis must be delivered to the Examination Schools and addressed to the Chairman of Examiners for the M.Phil in Latin American Studies, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by 12 noon on the Monday of Week 5 of Trinity Term in the calendar year in which the examination is to be taken. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of their thesis in the Bodleian Library, and will be required to sign a form stating whether they will permit their thesis to be consulted. The thesis will be equivalent to two examination papers, and so will count for 33.3 per cent of the final degree mark.
2. (b) Take another examination paper from the list; or by agreement with the Latin American Centre Director of Graduate Studies and the relevant department, take a methodology or other paper from an appropriate M.Phil elsewhere in the University of Oxford. The examination will count for 16.6 per cent of the final degree mark.
3. (c) Candidates will be required to present themselves for an oral examination. The oral examination may focus on the candidate’s examination papers, thesis, or both.
7. Candidates shall be deemed to have passed the examination if they have passed all examination papers and the thesis.
8. Candidates who fail the second year examination paper (without compensating strengths on the thesis) or who fail the thesis shall be deemed to have failed the examination. Such candidates will be permitted to resubmit the thesis or retake the examination paper on one (but not more than one) subsequent occasion, in Trinity Term, one year after the initial attempt. Such candidates must pass the thesis or examination paper in order to pass the examination.
9. Candidates who fail both the thesis and the examination paper shall be deemed to have failed the examination. Such candidates will be permitted to retake the examination and resubmit the thesis on one (but not more than one) subsequent occasion, in Trinity Term, one year after the initial attempt. Such candidates must pass both the thesis and the examination paper in order to pass the examination.
10. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Law

(See the regulations for the Bachelor of Civil Law and Magister Juris)

[Until 1 October 2013: Material Anthropology and Museum Ethnography

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The Social Sciences Board shall elect for the supervision of the course a Standing Committee, namely the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology, which shall have power to arrange lectures and other instruction. The course director shall be responsible to that committee.

The examinations shall consist of the following.

1. Qualifying Examination Every candidate will be required to satisfy the examiners in an examination for which, if he or she passes at the appropriate level, he or she will be allowed to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil. Candidates must follow a course of instruction in Material Anthropology and Museum Ethnography for at least three terms, and will, when entering for the examinations, be required to produce a certificate from their supervisor to this effect. The Qualifying Examination shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. students or, with the approval of the divisional board, in a subsequent year. Each candidate will be required to satisfy the examiners in papers I-IV on the syllabus described in the Schedule for the M.Sc. in Material Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, and governed by regulation 4 for that degree.
2. Final Examination This shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year following that in which the candidate's name is first entered on the register of M.Phil. students or, with the approval of the divisional board, in a subsequent year. Each candidate shall be required
1. (i) to present himself or herself for written examination in one of the optional areas or topics available for that year in Lists A, B or C, other than those taken by the candidate in the M.Phil. Qualifying Examination the previous year;
2. (ii) to submit to the Chairman of Examiners not later than noon on Tuesday of the fifth week of Trinity Term an essay of 5,000 words (two copies) in the field of Material Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, on a topic to be selected from a list set by the examiners at the beginning of the third week of Trinity Term (candidates should not duplicate any material already used in their submission for paper II in the Qualifying Examination in the previous year);
3. (iii) to submit a thesis in accordance with the regulations below;
4. (iv) to present himself or herself for oral examination if required by the examiners.

II. Thesis

Each candidate shall be required to submit a thesis of not more than 30,000 words (excluding references and appendices) on a subject approved by the supervisor. The thesis may be based on the analysis of objects in the collections of the Pitt Rivers Museum or a topic from one of the subject areas covered during the qualifying year. The candidate shall send to the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology, with the written approval of his or her supervisor, the proposed title of the thesis, by noon on Monday of the second week of Michaelmas Term in the academic year following that in which his or her name was entered on the register of M.Phil. students. The thesis (three copies) must be typewritten and delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, not later than Tuesday of the second week of Trinity Term in the academic year in which the Final Examination is taken. The word count shall be stated on the outside front cover of the thesis.

The examiners shall require a successful candidate to deposit a copy of his or her thesis in the Balfour Library. If the thesis is superseded by a D.Phil. thesis by the same student partly using the same material, the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology may authorise the withdrawal of the M.Phil. thesis from the Balfour Library. Such candidates will be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for their thesis to be consulted.

The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work which has been required of a candidate is not of sufficient merit to qualify him or her for the Degree of M.Phil., the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. examination under the appropriate regulation.]

Medical Anthropology

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

Within the Division of Social Sciences, the course shall be administered by the School of Anthropology. The regulations made by the divisional board are as follows:

1. The Division of Social Sciences shall elect for the supervision of the course a Standing Committee, namely the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology, which shall have power to arrange lectures and other instruction. The course director shall be responsible to the Standing Committee.
The examination shall consist of the following:
1. Qualifying Examination Every candidate will be required to satisfy the examiners in an examination for which, if he or she passes at the appropriate level, he or she will be allowed to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil. Candidates must follow a course of instruction in Medical Anthropology for at least three terms, and will, when entering for the examinations, be required to produce a certificate from their supervisor to this effect. Every candidate for the M.Phil. qualifying examination will be required to satisfy the examiners in four written papers to be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. Students or, with the approval of the Divisional Board, in a subsequent year. The following four papers shall be taken:
1. (1) Concepts of disease, illness, health and medicine in global perspective The scope of this paper includes discussion of cross-cultural concepts of health, disease, sickness, pain, illness causation, diagnosis and treatment, from conjoined socio-cultural perspectives and human ecology. It explores metaphor and narrative at the interface of biological and cultural processes, the distribution of disease patterns in the light of environmental change, social inequality, global mobility and marginality, and the co-existence of conventional, alternative and traditional health systems.
2. (2) Theory and practice of bio-medicine and of other medical systems The scope of this paper includes issues of public health and policy on a comparative and global basis. It draws on ethnographies of particular societies to illustrate and test theoretical claims in medical anthropology. It discusses infectious diseases, specific health campaigns, evolutionary trends and life histories, alongside culturally defined concepts of risk, vulnerability, fate, evil, pollution, divination, religion and shamanism.
3. (3) Critical medical anthropology The scope of this paper comprises ecological and socio-cultural perspectives, and explores links to other fields and disciplines, including the place of material culture in medicine. It includes a critique of basic assumptions and methods in medical anthropology and consideration of the concept of well-being as being broader than conventional concepts of health. Themes for discussion include the phenomenology of the body, growth and personhood, gender, ageing and dying, notions of resistance and resilience, relationships between biodiversity and adaptability, reproduction and fertility, and nutrition.
4. (4) Option paper Candidates must select one option paper from those taught each year for the M.Sc in Social Anthropology. Titles of options will be made at the beginning of each academic year, and candidates may select their option from any of Lists A, B or C.
2. Final Examination Candidates must follow a course of instruction in Medical Anthropology for at least three terms, and will, when entering for the final examination, be required to produce a certificate from their supervisor to this effect. The final examination shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year following that in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. Students or, with the approval of the Divisional Board, in a subsequent year. Each candidate shall be required:
1. (1) to submit evidence of practical work and a research proposal in accordance with I below;
2. (2) to submit a thesis in accordance with II below;
3. (3) to present himself or herself for oral examination if required by the examiners. The oral examination may be on the candidate's written assignments, or dissertation, or both.
I. Methods of fieldwork and social research
1. The satisfactory completion of a course of practical work in (i) participant observation, in-depth interviewing, archival research, and qualitative data analysis; (ii) basic principles of statistical inference, and statistical models for the analysis of quantitative social science data, and (iii) methods of data collection, including questionnaire design, interviewing, and coding. The research proposal should not exceed 2,500 words. It need not be on the theme of the thesis, but should reflect the candidate’s competence in conceiving and structuring an independent research project. Candidates shall submit to the Examination Schools by noon on Tuesday of fifth week of the third term of the second year of the course reports of the practical work completed and the research proposal, accompanied by a statement that they are the candidate's own work except where otherwise indicated.
II. Thesis Each candidate shall be required to submit a thesis of not more than 30,000 words (excluding references and appendices) on a subject approved by the supervisor. He or she shall send to the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology, with the written approval of his or her supervisor, the proposed title of the thesis for consideration by the School of Anthropology, by noon on the Monday of second week of Michaelmas Term in the academic year following that in which his or her name was entered on the Register of M.Phil. Students. The thesis (three copies) must be typewritten and delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, not later than noon on Tuesday of the fifth week of Trinity Term in the academic year in which the Final Examination is taken. The word count shall be stated on the outside front cover of the thesis. The Examiners shall require a successful candidate to deposit a copy of his or her thesis in the Tylor Library. If the thesis is superseded by a D.Phil. thesis by the same student partly using the same material, the Divisional Board of Social Sciences may authorise the withdrawal of the M.Phil. thesis from the Tylor Library. Such candidates will be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for their thesis to be consulted. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work which has been required of a candidate is not of sufficient merit to qualify him or her for the Degree of M.Phil. the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. examination under the appropriate regulation.
III. Resits In order to pass the degree, a student must pass all its assessed components. Where one or more components are failed, the student will be given the opportunity to re-sit or re-submit them once, as the case may be. Any subsequent award of the degree on successful completion of all the assessed components may be delayed by up to three terms, i.e. until the Examination Board next meets.

Modern British and European History

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations of the Board of the Faculty of History are as follows:

1. Candidates for the Master of Philosophy in Modern British and European History must follow for at least six terms a course of instruction and directed research and must, upon entering the examination, produce from their society a certificate to that effect.
2. Candidates must attend such lectures, seminars and classes as their supervisor shall determine. In addition to the formally examined programme elements described below, each candidate will be expected to attend and complete in-course requirements for a series of skills and specialist options based on a schedule to be published from year to year by the Faculty’s Graduate Studies Committee. The candidate’s individual programme, agreed with her/his supervisor, will be subject to approval by the Director of Graduate Studies, in consultation with the programme convenor, by Friday of Week One of Michaelmas Term; subsequent changes must be agreed by the Director of Graduate Studies not later than Friday of Week Three of Hilary Term. Class teachers will report to the Chair of Examiners on the candidate’s attendance and participation, and, where appropriate, test results, not later than Monday of Week Nine of Hilary Term, except in the case of three-term language classes where the respective reporting deadline will be Monday of Week Nine of Trinity Term.
3. The final examination shall comprise (i) one extended essay based on the programme’s theory component, (ii) one extended essay based on an Advanced Option, (iii) one extended essay based on a class on the writing of History, and (iv) one dissertation proposal in the first year of the programme, and (v) one research methodology essay and (vi) a dissertation of not more than 30,000 words in the final year of the programme.
1. I. During Michaelmas Term of the first year each candidate will attend core classes on historical theory and methodological approaches as well as a series of classes on sources and resources. The core classes will be assessed by an extended essay of between 4,000 and 5,000 words (the sources and resources component will feed into the preparation of a dissertation proposal in Trinity Term of the first year). Two copies of the essay, addressed to the Chair of Examiners for the Master of Philosophy in Modern British and European History, must be submitted to the Examination Schools by 12 noon on Monday of Week One of Hilary Term of the candidate’s first year.
2. II. In Hilary Term of the first year candidates must choose one Advanced Option, either from the joint Advanced Options for the Master of Studies in Modern British and European History and the Master of Philosophy in Modern British and European History, or from the Advanced Options for one of the Faculty of History’s other Master’s programmes. The choice of Advanced Option will depend on the candidate’s training objectives or dissertation project. Details of available Advanced Options are published in course handbooks. Approval of the Advanced Option choice must be obtained from the programme convenor and Director of Graduate Studies by Friday of Week Four of Michaelmas Term. The request for approval must be sent to the History Graduate Office. On recommendation from the candidate’s supervisor, the Director of Graduate Studies, in consultation with the programme convenor, may approve relevant taught papers from Master’s programmes offered by faculties other than History, provided that the respective faculty’s Graduate Studies Committee is satisfied that the candidate has an adequate background in the subject. This part of the programme will be assessed by one extended essay of between 6,500 and 7,500 words. Two copies of the essay, addressed to the Chair of Examiners for the Master of Philosophy in Modern British and European History, must be submitted to the Examination Schools by 12 noon on Monday of Week Nine of Hilary Term of the candidate’s first year. Essays should reflect skills and understanding the candidate has developed by following the approved choice of paper. The essay may complement but must not share significant content with the essay submitted under I. above. Teaching may not be available for all the Advanced Options each year, and restrictions may be imposed on the combination of Advanced Options that may be taken in a particular year.
3. III. In Trinity Term candidates take a class on Writing History and finalise a proposal for their dissertation research during the Long Vacation and Michaelmas Term of their second year. The Writing History classes will be assessed by an extended essay of between 4,000 and 5,000 words. The essay may complement but must not share significant content with the essays submitted under I. and II. above. Two copies of the extended essay on Writing History, addressed to the Chair of Examiners for the Master of Philosophy in Modern British and European History, must be submitted to the Examination Schools by 12 noon on Monday of Week Nine of Trinity Term of the candidate’s first year.
4. IV. Candidates must prepare an extended dissertation proposal of between 2,000 and 2,500 words. Two copies of the extended dissertation proposal, addressed to the Chair of Examiners for the Master of Philosophy in Modern British and European History, must be submitted to the Examination Schools by 12 noon on Monday of Week Six of Trinity Term of the candidate’s first year.
5. V. Candidates must prepare one methodological essay (of up to 7,000 words) and a seminar presentation for a class on ‘Historical concepts and controversies’, to be examined in Trinity Term of the candidate’s second year. Students may choose a topic for their essay and presentation in an area proximate to their dissertation subject, but may not replicate any other material submitted for examination. Two typewritten copies of the extended essay, addressed to the Chair of Examiners for the Master of Philosophy in Modern British and European History, must be submitted to the Examination Schools by 12 noon on Monday of first week of Trinity Term of the candidate’s second year.
6. VI. A dissertation of not more than 30,000 words, including footnotes and appendices but excluding bibliography, on a topic approved by the candidate’s supervisor and the Programme Convenor of the M.Phil. in Modern British and European History. Candidates must apply in writing to the Programme Convenor for approval of the proposed topic of their dissertation. The application must be submitted to the History Graduate Office by 12 noon on Monday of Week Six of Trinity Term of the candidate’s first year. Two copies of the dissertation must be submitted to the Examination Schools by 12 noon on Monday of Week Six of Trinity Term of the candidate’s second year. Dissertations submitted must not exceed the permitted length. If they do the Examiners will reduce the marks awarded. The presentation and footnotes should comply with the requirements specified in the Regulations of the Education Committee for the degrees of M.Litt and D.Phil and follow the Conventions for the presentation of dissertations and theses of the Faculty of History. Each dissertation must include a short abstract which concisely summarises its scope and principal arguments, in about 300 words. Each copy of the dissertation must be securely and firmly bound in either hard or soft covers. One copy of an M.Phil. dissertation which is approved by the examiners must be deposited in the Bodleian Library. This final copy should incorporate any corrections or amendments which the examiners may have requested. It must be hard bound, in a dark colour, and lettered on the spine with the candidate’s name and initials, the degree, and the year of submission.
4. A candidate who, at the end of the first year of the course, is unable to continue on to the second year, may, with the support of his or her college and supervisor, apply to the Director of Graduate Studies in History for permission to transfer to the status of a student for the Master of Studies in Modern British and European History and to enter that examination in the current year.
5. The examiners may award a distinction to candidates who have performed with special merit in all parts of the examination for the Master of Philosophy in Modern British and European History.
6. A candidate who fails the examination will be permitted to retake the examination on one further occasion only, not later than one year after the initial attempt. A candidate whose dissertation has been of satisfactory standard will not be required to resubmit the dissertation. A candidate who has reached a satisfactory standard on the extended essays will not be required to retake those papers. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate, while not of sufficient merit to qualify for the Degree of Master of Philosophy, is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify for the Degree of Master of Studies in Modern British and European History, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil (as provided under the General Regulations § 2, cl. 4, and in accordance with this regulation) or of being granted leave to supplicate for the Degree of Master of Studies.

Modern Japanese Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the School of Interdisciplinary Area Studies are as follows:

First year examinations

1. Candidates will be required to present themselves for examination EITHER in a compulsory paper in Japanese Language; and in two optional subjects at the end of Trinity Term in the year of registration; OR in three optional subjects at the end of Trinity Term in the year of registration.
2. Candidates taking the examination in Japanese Language will also be required to undertake a series of written tests and essays as specified by the MSc/MPhil Programme in Modern Japanese Studies Committee. The forms of assessment, and the dates and times of submission, where applicable, will be notified to students by not later than Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term.
3. In addition, all candidates will be required to undertake the following assessment:
1. (i) Research Methods for Area Studies: a series of assignments and/or an unseen written examination as specified by the MSc/MPhil Programme in Modern Japanese Studies Committee. The forms of assessment, and the dates and times of submission, where applicable, will be notified to students by not later than Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term.
2. (ii) One 10,000 word dissertation: the title of the dissertation must be approved by the Director of Graduate Studies by not later than 12 noon on Friday of fourth week of Hilary Full Term in the year in which the examination is taken. The dissertation must be submitted by not later than 12 noon of the weekday on or nearest to 1 September in the year in which the examination is taken. The dissertation must be accompanied by a statement that the dissertation is the candidate's own work except where otherwise indicated.
3. Two typewritten or word processed copies of the dissertation must be delivered to the Examination Schools, addressed to the Chair of Examiners for the M.Sc. in Modern Japanese Studies, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford at the times and days specified. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the dissertation in the Bodleian Library.
4. Candidates who pass these papers will proceed to the second year of the course and take the final examinations at the end of the second year. Candidates who fail one or more of the examination papers may, by permission of the MSc/MPhil in Japanese Studies Examination Board, proceed to the second year of the course and resit the failed papers during the final examination. Candidates who fail any item of coursework may, at the discretion of the MSc/MPhil in Japanese Studies Examination Board, be allowed to revise and resubmit that work no later than the Friday of sixth week of the Trinity Term in the academic year in which they begin the course.

Schedule

The structure of the first year of the course is as follows:

Either Mode A

(a) Compulsory core course in Japanese Language
(b) Research Methods for Area Studies
(c) Optional papers: Candidates must choose two optional papers from a list published annually and distributed to students by Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term.

Or Mode B

(a) Research Methods for Area Studies
(b) Optional papers: Candidates must choose three optional papers from a list published annually and distributed to students by Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term.

Final examination

5. No candidate shall enter the final examination unless he or she has already passed all the elements of the first year examination, save that the MSc/MPhil in Japanese Studies Examination Board may permit any candidates who has failed one or more of these elements to resit the papers at the same time as the final examination. In the final examination, every candidate must offer:
1. (a) a thesis of not more than 30,000 words on a subject approved by the Director of Graduate Studies not later than fourth week of Michaelmas Full Term in the year in which the examination is to be taken, to be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by not later than 12 noon on Friday of the third week of Trinity Term in the year in which the examination is taken. The thesis must be accompanied by a statement that the thesis is the candidate's own work except where otherwise indicated. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Bodleian Library.
2. (b) Advanced Research Methods: a series of assignments and/or an unseen written examination as specified by the MSc/MPhil Programme in Modern Japanese Studies Committee. The forms of assessment, and the dates and times of submission, where applicable, will be notified to students by Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term.
3. (c) Either Mode A
  1. (i) A compulsory paper in Advanced Japanese Language for candidates successfully passing the compulsory core course in Japanese at Upper Intermediate Level in the first year examinations, or for candidates successfully passing the compulsory core course in Japanese at Advanced Level in the first year examinations, a compulsory paper in Upper Advanced Japanese Language. Candidates taking the examination in Japanese language at either Advanced Level or Upper Advanced Level will also be required to undertake a series of written tests and essays as specified by the MSc/MPhil Programme in Modern Japanese Studies Committee. The forms of assessment, and the dates and times of submission, where applicable, will be notified to students by Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term.
  2. (ii) One optional paper chosen from a list published annually and distributed to students by Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term, and taken at the end of Trinity Term of the second year of the course.
4. Or Mode B
  1. (i) Two optional papers chosen from a list published annually and distributed to students by Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term, and taken at the end of Trinity Term of the second year of the course.
6. Candidates may be required to attend an oral examination on any part of the examination.
7. Candidates who fail one or more of the elements of the final examination will be permitted to resubmit the relevant work or retake the examination paper or papers, as applicable, on one further occasion only, not later than one year after the first attempt.
8. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Modern Languages

(see also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations)

1. Candidates must follow a Programme chosen from those listed in the ‘Handbook for Taught-Course Graduate Students’. In order to gain admission to the course, applicants must show evidence of linguistic ability compatible with advanced literary study in the language(s) chosen to study. Comparative Literature candidates shall not be required to have reading fluency in more than two languages other than English. Unless otherwise stated, candidates will be expected to write in English unless explicit permission is obtained to write in the language (or one of the languages) studied. In the case of Comparative Literature candidates, writing in more than one language in addition to English will not be authorised. All candidates must follow a course of instruction in Modern Languages at Oxford for a period of six terms. In exceptional circumstances, the Board of the Faculty of Medieval and Modern Languages may permit an extension of time. Candidates shall, when entering their name for the examination, be required to produce from their society a certificate stating that they are following the course of instruction for the period prescribed.
2. All candidates shall be required:
1. (a) To offer A, B, C, D, and E as defined in 3 below.
2. (b) To present themselves for viva voce examination at the time appointed by the examiners.
3. The examination shall consist of the following:
(A) Either
1. (i) Methods of Criticism and the Theory of Literature. All candidates must attend such lectures, seminars, and classes as the course convener shall determine. All candidates must present one seminar paper during their course, and submit a written essay based on some aspect of the work done for the seminar. This essay shall be written in English and must be of between 5,000 and 7,000 words in length, inclusive of a bibliography of works consulted. Candidates must submit three typed copies of the essay to the Head of Examinations and Assessments, Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Thursday of tenth week of Hilary Term of their first year. Each copy must have a cover sheet giving the candidate’s name, college, the title of the essay, the name of the candidate’s supervisor, and the words ‘Methods of Criticism and the Theory of Literature, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the M.Phil. in Modern Languages’.
Or
1. (ii) Methods of Criticism and History of Ideas in Germany from the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Centuries. Methods of Criticism and History of Ideas in Germany from the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Centuries. All candidates must attend such lectures, seminars, and classes as the course convener shall determine. All candidates must present one seminar paper during their course, and submit a written essay based on some aspect of the work done for the seminar. This essay may be written in English or German and must be of between 5,000 and 7,000 words in length. Candidates must submit three typed copies of the essay to the Head of Examinations and Assessments, Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Thursday of tenth week of Hilary Term of their first year. Each copy must have a cover sheet giving the candidate’s name, college, the title of the essay, the name of the candidate’s course convener, and the words ‘Methods of Criticism and History of Ideas in Germany, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the M.Phil. in Modern Languages’.
Or
1. (iii) Methods of Scholarship. Each candidate shall be required to offer either, (1) the History of the Book, or (2) Palaeography with Textual Criticism. Candidates will be examined on one or two essays on topics agreed by them with their course convener relating either to the history of the book (for (1)) or to palaeography with textual criticism (for (2)). The essay or essays should be between 5,000 and 7,000 words in total. Candidates must submit three typed copies to the Head of Examinations and Assessments, Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Thursday of tenth week of Hilary Term of their first year. Each copy must have a cover sheet giving the candidate’s name, college, the title of the essay, the name of the candidate’s supervisor, and the words ‘Methods of Scholarship, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Master of Philosophy in Modern Languages'. For (2), candidates will in addition be required to undertake a practical transcription test, made without reference to dictionaries or handbooks, on a short manuscript text selected by the course convener, who will also mark, sign, and date the candidate’s work. The test should take place by the end of the fourth week of the Trinity Term in which the examination is to be taken. The mark should be sent by the course convener to the Modern Languages Graduate Office.
Or
1. (iv) A methodological essay of between 5,000 and 7,000 words on a topic or issue related to the candidate’s Special Subject or dissertation. It might consist, for example, of a theoretical discussion of the candidate’s approach to the material being studied, or a detailed analysis of existing approaches. If candidates choose this option, they will be expected to also attend a set of seminars in (i) or (ii) above, or a set of tutorials in (iii), and to make a presentation. The essay must be typed, and include a bibliography. Candidates must submit three copies to the Head of Examinations and Assessments, Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Thursday of tenth week of Hilary Term of their first year. Each copy must have a cover sheet giving the candidate’s name, college, the title of the essay, the name of the candidate’s supervisor, and the words ‘Essay on Method, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the M.Phil. in Modern Languages’. The work submitted under (i) must be written in English; the work submitted under (ii) may be written in English or German; the work submitted under (iii) may be written in English or, subject to the approval of the Medieval and Modern Languages Faculty Board, in a language appropriate to the literature concerned. Approval must be sought for the choice of options in (A) by the end of the fourth week of Michaelmas Term in the first year.
(B) A thesis, which may be written in English or, with the approval of the Medieval and Modern Languages Faculty Board, in the language appropriate to the literature concerned, of approximately 20,000 words and not more than 25,000 words, on a subject approved by the Board or by a person or persons to whom the Board may delegate this function. The subject of the thesis shall be related either to the fields of study represented by (A) (i), (ii) or (iii) above or to one or more of the candidate’s Special Subjects (C). When seeking approval for the subject of the thesis, every candidate shall submit with the proposed title a written statement of not more than 500 words explaining the scope of the topic and the manner in which it is proposed to treat it. Candidates are required to register the subject area or title of their dissertation with the Modern Languages Graduate Office by the end of the fourth week of Hilary Term of their second year. The thesis must be presented in proper scholarly form. Three copies typed in double-spacing on one side only of quarto or A4 paper, each copy bound or held firmly in a stiff cover, must be delivered to the Head of Examinations and Assessments, Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Thursday of the sixth week of Trinity Term of the second year.
Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of their thesis in the Bodleian Library.
(C) Three Special Subjects.
(i) and (ii) Candidates must select two Special Subjects from those listed in the ‘Graduate Studies in Modern Languages’ handbook associated with the programme which they are following; candidates may select a special subject from a different programme with approval from their supervisor; (iii) the third Special Subject must be of the candidate’s own devising, worked out under supervisory guidance. Candidates will normally offer two Special Subjects from the same language and area, or from different areas in the same language. The Comparative Literature Programme will contain Special Subjects from two different languages, or one at least of the special subjects (C, D and E) is comparative in scope Approval of Special Subjects (i) and (ii) must be sought, by application to the Modern Language Graduate Office, 41 Wellington Square, Oxford by the end of the fourth week of Michaelmas Term of the first year. Approval of Special Subject (iii) and proposed title of the Dissertation must be sought, by application to the Modern Language Graduate Office, 41 Wellington Square, Oxford by the end of the fourth week of Hilary Term of the second year. The Special Subjects must have the written support of the candidate’s supervisor and be approved by or on behalf of the Medieval and Modern Languages Faculty Board. A proposal for a Special Subject of the candidate’s own devising shall be accompanied by a statement (of approximately 100 words) of the character and scope of the subject proposed. Candidates will be assessed on an essay, or two essays (which may be written in English, or, with the approval of the Medieval and Modern Languages Faculty Board, in the language appropriate to the literature concerned), on the topics they have agreed with the supervisor of each Special Subject. The essay or essays submitted for each Special Subject should be between 5,000 and 7,000 words in total. Students are required to submit work for assessment on all four of the non- dissertation components (A, C, D and E). Of these four, the component gaining the lowest passing mark will be discounted in the final assessment. A fail mark must always be included in the final assessment. The Special Subject essays shall be submitted to the Head of Examinations and Assessments, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Thursday of the first week of Hilary Term. However, candidates are strongly advised to complete their essays for the first two Special Subjects by the end of Hilary Term of their first year.
4. Candidates for Comparative Literature should ensure that either at least one of the special subjects (C, D and E) is comparative in scope or the three special subjects are concerned with different languages. The dissertation must deal explicitly with comparative issues.
5. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate, while not of sufficient merit to qualify for the degree of M.Phil., is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify for the Degree of Master of Studies in Modern Languages, the candidate shall be given the option of re-sitting the M.Phil. examination under the appropriate regulation, or of being granted permission to supplicate for the Degree of Master of Studies.
6. In the case of re-submission, candidates shall be required to submit all the material by noon on Thursday of the sixth week of the first Trinity Term following their first examination. Candidates may resubmit on one occasion only.
7. The examiners may award a Distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Music

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Music are as follows:

Each candidate will be required:

1. To follow for at least six terms a course of study in music. Candidates will, when they enter for the examination, be required to produce from their society a certificate to that effect.
2. To have satisfied the examiners in a Qualifying Examination identical to that for the degree of Master of Studies in Music, and governed by the regulations for that degree, in the Trinity Full Term of the academic year in which their name is entered on the Register of graduate students. Candidates whose work in the Qualifying Examination is judged by the examiners to be of the standard required for the degree of Master of Studies in Music but not of the standard required to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil. in Music may supplicate for the degree of Master of Studies in Music. Candidates whose work in the Qualifying Examination is not judged by the examiners to be of the standard required for the degree of Master of Studies may retake the examination on one occasion only. Only candidates who reach the required standard to proceed to the second year at the first attempt may do so.
3. To take a two-part examination of equally weighted components, as follows:
1. (a) either a dissertation of not more than 30,000 words in musicology or ethnomusicology; or a substantial editorial exercise (edition), with prefatory matter, of comparable length. The topic for the dissertation or edition must be submitted for approval to the Director of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Music, by noon on Friday of the fourth week of Michaelmas Term. Subject to the approval of the Director of Graduate Studies, a dissertation may be a development of the M.St. dissertation or of a relevant portfolio essay. Two typewritten copies of the dissertation or edition must be submitted, not later than noon on the Friday of the first week of Trinity Term, to the Chairman of Examiners for the M.Phil. in Music, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the dissertation or edition in the Music Faculty Library; minor corrections, as required by the examiners, must be incorporated prior to deposit in the library.
2. (b) either a portfolio of course-work consisting of two essays in musicology or ethnomusicology, neither of which shall be less than 3,000 words, and both of which taken together shall be not more than 10,000 words. The proposed titles of the portfolio essays must be submitted for approval to the Director of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Music, by Friday of third week of Hilary Term. Two copies of the portfolio of essays must be submitted, not later than noon on Friday of the seventh week of Trinity Term, to the Chairman of Examiners for the M.Phil. in Music, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford; or a portfolio of one or two well-contrasted compositions of not more than thirty minutes’ duration. The portfolio of compositions must be submitted, not later than noon on Friday of the seventh week of Trinity Term, to the Chairman of Examiners for the M.Phil. in Music, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford; or a recital of not more than sixty minutes’ duration, vocal or instrumental, of at least two contrasted pieces. Two possible programmes must be submitted for approval to the Director of Graduate Studies, Faculty of Music, by Friday of third week of Hilary Term. Candidates will be informed of the examiners’ choice of programme by the Friday of eighth week in the same term. The selected component in part 3(b) (essays/composition(s)/recital) must correspond to that pursued for the Qualifying Examination, but the subject matter of the essays, composition(s) or recital pieces must be different from those offered for examination in the first year.
4. Each candidate must attend an oral examination when required to do so by the examiners, at which any aspect of the candidate’s submissions and course work might be subject to discussion.
5. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.
6. A candidate who fails the final examination will be permitted to retake it on one further occasion only, not later than one year after the initial attempt. Such a candidate whose work has been of satisfactory standard in one or more elements examined will be required to resubmit for examination the element(s) which fell below the passmark when originally examined.

Oriental Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies are as follows:

1. Every candidate must present himself or herself for a written examination in one of the following subjects.
1. (i) Cuneiform Studies.
2. (ii) Egyptology (including Graeco-Roman and Christian Egypt).
3. (iii) Modern Middle Eastern Studies.
4. (iv) Classical Indian Religion.
5. (v) Modern Jewish Studies.
6. (vi) Jewish Studies in the Graeco-Roman Period.
7. (vii) Islamic Art and Archaeology.
8. (viii) Ottoman Turkish Studies.
9. (ix) Islamic Studies and History.
10. (x) Modern Chinese Studies.
11. (xi) Tibetan and Himalayan Studies.
12. (xii) Modern South Asian Studies.
13. (xiii) Traditional East Asia: Classical, Medieval, and Early-Modern.
2. Candidates for subject (i) must satisfy the Oriental Studies Board by the time of their qualifying examination that they possess a working knowledge of French and German; candidates for (ii) must satisfy the Oriental Studies Board by the time of their qualifying examination that they possess a working knowledge of French and German, and candidates who wish to offer Greek papyrology must possess a fluent knowledge of Greek; and for subject (v) candidates must satisfy the person appointed by the board to interview them that they possess a working knowledge of either Hebrew or Yiddish, and a relevant European language. For subject (viii) and the Turkish option in subject (ix) candidates must satisfy the person appointed by the board to interview them that they possess a sound reading knowledge of Modern Turkish or Arabic or Persian. For subject (x) Modern Chinese Studies, candidates will normally have a first degree in a discipline relevant to their elective subject. For subject (xiii) Traditional East Asia: Classical, Medieval, and Early Modern, candidates must satisfy the person appointed by the board to interview them that they possess a good proficiency (normally at least two years’ study or equivalent) in modern Chinese, Japanese or Korean. A candidate who fails any part or parts of the Qualifying Examination may retake such part or parts during the Long Vacation prior to the second year of the course, except in the cases of the M.Phil. in Classical Indian Religion, Modern Middle Eastern Studies, Modern Jewish Studies and Tibetan and Himalayan Studies. A candidate who fails any part or parts of the Qualifying Examination for these four courses may retake such part or parts during Trinity Term of the first year of study.
3. Subject to such regulations as the board may hereinafter make, every candidate must offer a thesis* on a subject approved by the board (or by a person or persons to whom it may delegate the power of giving such approval), and as far as possible falling within the scope of the subject offered by the candidate in the examination. Applications for approval of the thesis subject must reach the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, Oriental Institute, on or before Monday in the sixth week of Trinity Full Term in the academic year preceding that in which the examination is to be taken except for thesis titles for (iii) and (xii), which must be received by Monday in the second week of Michaelmas Term, in the second year of the course and for (x) which must be received by Friday of the first week of the Hilary Term preceding the examination. A title approval form is available on the Oriental Studies website. The thesis should be presented not later than noon on the Friday of the second week of the Trinity Term in which the examination is taken except in (ii) below, in which the thesis should be presented not later than noon on the Friday of the fourth week of the Trinity Term in which the examination is taken; (vii) below, in which the thesis should be presented at least fourteen days before the first day of the examination; (x) below, in which the thesis should be presented not later than noon of Monday of the second week of Trinity Term in which the examination is taken; and (xiii) below, in which the thesis should be presented not later than noon of Friday of the fifth week of Trinity Term in which the examination is taken. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Bodleian.
4. Every candidate will be examined viva voce in the subjects of the school unless he or she shall have been individually excused by the examiners.
5. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Subjects

(i) Cuneiform Studies
1. A. Qualifying Examination Each candidate will be required, unless exempted by the Oriental Studies Board, to pass a qualifying examination in the Sumerian and Akkadian languages not later than the end of the third term after that in which his or her name has been placed on the register.
2. B. Final Examination Each candidates will be required to offer the following papers:
  1. 1. Prepared translations of Sumerian texts and related essay questions (1 paper)
  2. 2. Prepared translations of Akkadian texts and related essay questions (1 paper) A list of prepared texts in the Sumerian and Akkadian languages will be provided to the candidate after he or she has successfully passed the qualifying examination. The list of texts will be reported to the Faculty Board's second meeting of Michaelmas Term in the second year of the course.†
  3. 3. Unprepared translations of Akkadian (1 paper)
  4. 4. History and culture of ancient Mesopotamia (1 paper) Candidates must demonstrate knowledge of the outlines of major aspects of Mesopotamian history, including political, social, economic, and cultural developments. They will be required to submit two essays each of not more than 5,000 words in length, which display knowledge of more than just a narrow range of the topic. Candidates are required to collect the subject of the essays from the Faculty Office, Oriental Institute, by noon, Friday of Week 1 of Michaelmas Term of the second year of the course for the first essay and by noon, Friday Week 1 of Hilary Term of the second year of the course for the second essay. The essays must be submitted to the Examination Schools by the end of Weeks 8 of Michaelmas Term and Hilary Term respectively. For each essay two printed copies and a signed form certifying that the essay is the candidate’s own work must be delivered in a parcel bearing the words 'Essay presubmitted for the M.Phil. in Cuneiform Studies’ to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG.'
  5. 5. The cuneiform world in context and approaches to the study of Assyriology; (a) Cuneiform world in context (one half paper) Candidates must be able to integrate the study of the cuneiform world into the wider context of the Near East. Three approaches may be pursued:
    1. (1) The cuneiform world and the ancient Near East, i.e. the Hittite, Egyptian, or Biblical worlds. (2) The cuneiform world and the ancient Mediterranean, i.e. Graeco-Roman antiquity. (3) The cuneiform world and the later Near East, i.e. late antique and medieval periods.
  6. Candidates must specify which of these approaches they will pursue not later than the end of the third term after that in which their name has been placed on the register. Not all options may be available every year.
  7. (b) Approaches to the study of Assyriology (one half paper): Questions will be set on the method, theory, bibliography, and history of Assyriology. Candidates will be expected to demonstrate knowledge of how to research any subject relating to cuneiform studies, and how to evaluate critically the contributions of disciplines, such as anthropology, archaeology, art history, history, and literary criticism, to the study of the cuneiform world.
3. C. Thesis Each candidate will be required to present a thesis of not more than 20,000 words on a subject approved by the board. The thesis needs to include a substantial cuneiform-related element. The thesis should be presented not later than noon on the Friday of the second week of Trinity Term in which the final examination is taken.*

(ii) Egyptology This course covers topics relating to dynastic, Graeco-Roman, and Christian Egypt.
A. Qualifying Examination Each candidate will be required, unless exempted by the Oriental Studies Board, to pass a qualifying examination in Egyptian and/or Coptic not later than the end of the third term after he or she is admitted. Candidates offering options relating to the Graeco-Roman period may be required to pass a qualifying examination in Greek.
B. Final Examination
1. 1. Syllabus A: A candidate who has a first degree in Egyptology or equivalent qualification must offer Section I, three papers from Section II, and a thesis of not more than 30,000 words on a subject to be approved by the board.
2. 2. Syllabus B: All other candidates must offer Section I, two papers from Section II, Section III, and a thesis of not more than 20,000 words on a subject to be approved by the board.*
3. 3. All applications for approval of options and thesis title must reach the Secretary, Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, Oriental Institute, on or before Monday in the sixth week of Trinity Full Term in the academic year preceding that in which the examination is to be taken. For options under Section II applicants must include a detailed definition of the topics offered and a list of primary sources, to be countersigned by their supervisors.
4. 4. For the Final Examination the following papers will be set:
  1. I.
    1. (i) A general paper on Egyptology. Questions will be set on method, theory, bibliography, and the history of Egyptology. Candidates will be expected to answer some questions outside the areas of their fields of specialisation.
    2. (ii) Unprepared translation from Egyptian texts.
    3. Passages may be set for translation from texts of all periods from the end of the Old Kingdom to the Conquest of Alexander. Texts of other periods may be set with the permission of the board.
  2. II. Two (for candidates under 2 above) or three (for candidates under 1 above) papers in a special field selected from the list below, of which one will be on an appropriate category of primary source material.
Since all fields may not be available in every year, candidates must confirm with the Graduate Studies Committee of the Oriental Studies Board that the field they intend to offer is available by the end of the second term after they are admitted. Some related fields (e.g. demotic with Greek papyrology) may be combined with the permission of the board. One paper in the special field will be set as a take-home examination. The answer or answers for this examination should be typed and presented in proper scholarly form. Candidates will be informed as to which paper is to be examined as a take-home on Friday of eighth week of the Hilary Term preceding the Final examination; conventions for the setting of the paper will be released at the same time. The question paper for the take-home examination will be distributed to candidates in the Oriental Institute at 10 a.m. on Monday of first week in Full Term in the term in which the final examination is to be offered. The completed examination must be handed in to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford no later than 12 noon on Monday of second week. The completed paper should not exceed 5,000 words in length. For a second topic in the special field, candidates will be required to presubmit two essays of not more than 5,000 words each, which between them display command of more than a narrow range of the topic. Supervisors or others are permitted to give bibliographical help and to discuss drafts of essays. Such essays (two printed copies) must be delivered in a parcel bearing the words ‘Essays presubmitted for the M.Phil. in Egyptology’ to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford OX1 4BG by noon on the Thursday of the sixth week of Trinity Term in which the examination is to be taken. The following fields will normally be available: Archaeology Art and iconography Christian Egypt Demotic Egyptian grammar Graeco-Roman hieroglyphic texts Greek papyrology Hieratic texts Egyptian literary or religious texts Periods of history, from the early dynastic to the Byzantine.
1. III. Prescribed texts in Middle and Late Egyptian (two papers). The list of texts to be offered will be reported to the Faculty Board’s second meeting in Michaelmas Term in the second year of the course and subsequently published in the Course Handbook.

(iii) Modern Middle Eastern Studies
A. Qualifying Examination
Every candidate must pass a qualifying examination not later than the end of the second term from the commencement of the course. A candidate with an intermediate level of proficiency (the equivalent of 2-3 years of study) in Arabic, Persian or Turkish may offer respectively Advanced Arabic, Advanced Persian or Advanced Turkish. A candidate with native fluency or who has satisfied the examiners in the Second Public Examination in Arabic or Persian or Turkish or Hebrew, or has passed a similar examination in another university, must offer a different language for examination. The examination will consist of two papers:
1. (i) A language examination in Arabic or Advanced Arabic or Hebrew or Persian or Advanced Persian or Turkish or Advanced Turkish, (subject to the availability of teaching), based on grammar knowledge and reading comprehension.
2. (ii) A general methodological paper on the Middle East in the twentieth century.
Entries must be made on the appropriate form, obtainable from the University Offices, by Friday in the second week of Hilary Full Term following the candidate's admission. Candidates who fail the Qualifying Examination may at the discretion of the board be allowed to retake it in the first week after the following Full Trinity Term.
B. Final Examination It is strongly recommended that candidates for the Final Examination should, in the course of the Long Vacation preceding the year in which they propose to take the examination, attend a recognised language course in an appropriate Middle Eastern country.
1. 1. All candidates must offer
  1. (a) one language paper in Arabic or Hebrew or Persian or Turkish, subject to the availability of teaching, based on knowledge of grammar, translation from the Oriental language to English, and reading comprehension or, for candidates who offered Advanced Arabic, Advanced Persian or Advanced Turkish for the Qualifying Examination, one language paper in Arabic, Persian or Turkish respectively based on prose composition, translation from the Oriental language to English, and reading comprehension;
  2. (b) a thesis of not more than 30,000 words on a subject to be approved by the board*;
  3. (c) three papers from (1)–(18), provided that instead of one of these papers, a candidate may offer a paper on a subject not included in the list below, with the approval of the board.
    1. (1) History of the Middle East, 1860–1970.
    2. (2) Politics of the Middle East.
    3. (3) Social anthropology of the Middle East.
    4. (4) International Relations of the Middle East.
    5. (5) Iranian History from the Constitutional to the Islamic Revolution, 1905–1979.
    6. (6) History of Turkey, 1908-80.
    7. (7) Arabic popular culture, 1900 to the present day.
    8. (8) History and Politics of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 1979-2005.
    9. (9) Mass Media and the Middle East.
    10. (10) North African Politics.
    11. (11) The Maghreb since 1830.
    12. (12) Israel: State, Society, Identity.
    14. (13) The Political Economy of the Middle East and North Africa.
    15. (14) Contemporary Islamic Movements.
    16. (15) Islam in the West.
    17. (16) History and anthropology in the Sahara.
    18. (17) Contemporary Islamic Ethics.
    19. (18) Political Islam, Islamism and Modern Islamic Movements.
2. Teaching for some options may not be available in every year. Applicants for admission will be advised whether teaching will be available in the options of their choice.
2. All applications for approval must reach the Secretary, Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, Oriental Institute, on or before the Monday in the second week of the Michaelmas Full Term preceding the examination.
(iv) Classical Indian Religion A. Qualifying Examination Candidates must pass a qualifying examination in Sanskrit not later than the end of the second term of the academic year in which the candidate's name is first entered on the register of M.Phil. students unless exempted by the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies. B. Final Examination Candidates will be required to offer the following four papers, but a candidate may submit a thesis of not more than 20,000 words on a subject approved by the board* instead of Paper (iv).
1. (i) (a) Unprepared translation from epic and commentarial Sanskrit.
2. (b) Translation from the set books in two of the sections, as published in the Course Handbook. Lists of set texts will be reported to the Faculty Board’s second meeting of Michaelmas Full Term in the second year of the course.
3. In Papers (ii) and (iii) candidates will be expected to show background knowledge of relevant social and political history. Emphasis will be laid on the study of primary sources, which may, however, be read in translation.
4. (iv) Approaches to the study of Indian religion: Candidates will be asked to give a critical appreciation of the contributions of different disciplines (theology, anthropology, philology etc.) and to discuss the application of various theoretical approaches (e.g. evolutionism, diffusionism, dialectical materialism, phenomenology, structuralism) to the subject.
(v) Modern Jewish Studies
1. A. Qualifying Examination Candidates must pass a qualifying examination in Modern Hebrew or Yiddish not later than the end of the second term of the academic year in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. students unless exempted by the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies. The examination will consist of a language examination in Hebrew based on grammar knowledge and reading comprehension. Candidates who fail the Qualifying Examination may be allowed to retake that part in Trinity Term of the first year of the course. Candidates, who will submit a take-home essay in their first year of the course to partially fulfil the requirements of (b) in the Final Examination, must enter for this paper in their first year. Marks will not be moderated for Final Examination take-home essays taken in the first year of the course until the end of the second year of the course. Any failed Final Examination papers may be retaken on one occasion only, at the same time in the following academic year. B. Final Examination All candidates must offer
  1. (a) one language paper in Modern Hebrew or Yiddish based on grammar knowledge, reading comprehension, and translation into English, at a level equivalent to Intermediate or higher.
  2. (b) Four papers from the following list.
  Candidates will present themselves for take-home essay examination. Essay examination will consist of the submission of two essays of not more than 2,500 words each for each of the four papers chosen, which must be submitted to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by 12 noon on the Friday of noughth week of the term following that in which the paper was taught. Candidates will collect the essay topics from the Oriental Institute Faculty Office, on the Friday of eighth week of the term in which the paper is taught. When a paper assessed by take-home essay is taught in the first year of the course, candidates must enter for the paper in the first year. Candidates proposing to offer a paper not included in the list below must obtain the permission of the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies. All applications for approval must be sent to the Secretary of the Board on or before the Monday in the second week of the Michaelmas Full Term preceding the examination.
1. Modern Jewish History.
2. Religious movements in Judaism from c.1700 to the present day.
3. Modern Jewish thought.
4. Hebrew literature and society (with prescribed texts): (a) Hebrew literary centres prior to 1948 or (b) Hebrew literature in Israel from 1948.
5. Modern Jewish politics.
6. Israel: State, Society, Identity.
7. Jewish-Muslim relations in the modern period or Jewish-Christian relations in the modern period.
8. Jewish literature in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
9. Modern Yiddish literature.
Teaching for some options may not be available in every year. Applicants for admission will be advised whether teaching will be available in the options of their choice. Prescribed texts will be reported to the Faculty Board’s second meeting of Michaelmas Full Term in the first year of the course.
C. Thesis A candidate shall submit a thesis of not more than 30,000 words on a topic selected in consultation with his or her supervisor and approved by the faculty Board.* Any failed Final Examination papers or thesis may be retaken on one occasion only, at the same time in the following academic year.

(vi) Jewish Studies in the Graeco-Roman Period A. Qualifying Examination Candidates must pass a qualifying examination in Jewish Studies not later than the end of the third term after that in which the candidate's name is first entered on the register of M.Phil. students unless exempted by the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies. B. Final Examination Every candidate shall submit a thesis of not more than 30,000 words* and present himself for a written examination. The written examination shall consist of Paper 1 and three further papers to be chosen from Papers 2 to 8.
1. (1) Jewish literature, history, and institutions from 200 bc to ad 425.
2. (2) Jewish historiography with prescribed texts.
3. (3) Jewish law with prescribed texts.
4. (4) Jewish Bible interpretation with prescribed texts.
5. (5) Jewish eschatology with prescribed texts.
6. (6) Jewish liturgy with prescribed texts.
7. (7) Jewish wisdom literature with prescribed texts.
8. (8) Jewish papyrology and epigraphy with prescribed texts.
Notes. 1. Candidates must satisfy the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies before admission to the course that they possess the necessary qualifications in the Hebrew language to profit by the course. Those wishing to take options 2 or 8 must show evidence of their knowledge of Greek.
2. Papers 2-8 will contain passages for translation and comment as well as general questions relating to the prescribed texts.
3. Texts will be reported to the Faculty Board’s second meeting of Michaelmas Full Term in the first year of the course.
(vii) Islamic Art and Archaeology
A. Qualifying Examination Every candidate will be required to satisfy the examiners in a qualifying examination not later than the end of the third term after that in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. Students. The examination will include: (a) Two extended essays of between 4,000 and 5,000 words each, one on a subject related to Landmarks of the Islamic World, and a second on a subject related to Arts of the Court in the Islamic World. (b) a portfolio, containing reports on the practical work completed during the year (according to the schedule given in the Course Handbook). (c) a language examination in Arabic or Persian or Turkish . Candidates must submit two printed copies of the extended essays in (a) above and the portfolio in (b) above in a parcel to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford at least fourteen days before the language examination in (c) above. The essays and portfolio must bear the candidate’s examination number but not the candidate’s name. The parcel must bear the words ‘QUALIFYING EXAMINATION FOR THE M.PHIL. IN ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY’ in block capitals in the bottom left-hand corner and contain a signed declaration that the work is the candidate’s own.
B. Final Examination This shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year following that in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. Students.
1. Every candidate must follow for at least six terms a course of instruction in Islamic Art and Archaeology.
2. The examination will include:
1. (a) A paper on a topic of Islamic art and archaeology or related fields (e.g. non-Islamic art, architecture and archaeology; Islamic studies; history; museology) to be selected by the candidate in consultation with the candidate’s supervisor. This paper will be examined by two extended essays of between 4,000 and 5,000 words each.
2. (b) Arabic or Persian or Turkish language examination.†
3. (c) Arabic or Persian or Turkish prepared texts.
4. (d) A written examination on Islamic Art and Archaeology.
5. (e) A dissertation of not more than 30,000 words on a subject to be approved by the Faculty Board.
3. Candidates must submit two printed copies each of the extended essays in (a) above in a parcel to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford not later than noon on the Monday of first week of Trinity Term of the year in which they sit the examination. The essays must bear the candidate’s examination number but not the candidate’s name. The parcel must bear the words ‘FINAL EXAMINATION FOR THE M.PHIL. IN ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY’ in block capitals in the bottom left-hand corner and contain a signed declaration that the work is the candidate’s own.
4. Candidates must submit two printed and bound copies of the dissertation in (e) above in a parcel to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford at least fourteen days before the first day of the examinations in (b)-(d) above. The dissertation must bear the candidate’s examination number but not the candidate’s name. The parcel must bear the words ‘DISSERTATION FOR THE M.PHIL. IN ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY’ in block capitals in the bottom left-hand corner and contain a signed declaration that the work is the candidate’s own.

(viii) Ottoman Turkish Studies A. Qualifying Examination Every candidate will be required, unless exempted by the Oriental Studies Board, to pass a qualifying examination in Ottoman Turkish not later than the end of the third term after that in which his or her name has been placed on the register. B. Final Examination Every candidate will be required to offer the following four papers and a thesis* of not more than 30,000 words.
1. (1) Essay questions on Ottoman history and institutions, 1453-1699.
2. (2) Ottoman historical texts. (Set texts will be reported to the Faculty Board’s second meeting of Michaelmas Full Term in the second year of the course.)†
3. (3) Ottoman texts in modern transcription and post-1928 Ottomanising texts.†
4. (4) Ottoman documents: Ottoman Documents, ed. Repp (copies are available from the Oriental Institute). Teaching for the course may not be available in every year: applicants for admission will only be accepted if teaching is available.
(ix) Islamic Studies and History A. Qualifying Examination Each candidate will be required, unless exempted by the Oriental Studies Board, to pass a qualifying examination in Arabic or Persian or Ottoman Turkish not later than the end of the third term after that in which his name has been placed on the register. The content of the examination shall be of such nature as to satisfy the board that the candidate is capable of using pre-modern Arabic or Persian or Ottoman Turkish texts.
B. Final Examination

1. It is strongly recommended that candidates for the Final Examination attend a recognised language course in an appropriate Middle Eastern country during the long vacation between the third and fourth terms of their study.
2. The examination shall take place not later than the end of the third term of the second year from the candidate’s admission to the M.Phil degree programme. Full details of the examination will be provided in the examination conventions, which will be made available to the candidates in the second term of the second year of the course. Candidates must make their entries for the Final Examination by filling out the appropriate examination entry form by Friday of the first week of the second term of the second year from the candidate’s admission to the course. The examiners may award a distinction to candidates who have performed with special merit. A candidate who fails this examination will be permitted to retake it on one further occasion only, not later than one year after the initial attempt. Such a candidate whose dissertation has been of a satisfactory standard may resubmit the same piece of work, while a candidate who has reached a satisfactory standard on the written papers will not be required to retake that part of the examination.
3. The Final Examination shall consist of these elements (a–c) :
(a) All three of the following papers (1–3) :
1. (1) Arabic or Persian or Turkish language examination.†
2. (2) A prescribed take-home essay on methods and research materials which must not exceed 4,000 words (on deadlines see below).
3. (3) Islamic studies and history, 570-1500.
(b) Two of the following papers (5.1–5.22, at least one of which must involve translation into English of excerpts from a set text, or from a selection of set texts). Teaching for some options may not be available in every year. Applicants for admission will be advised whether teaching will be available in the options of their choice. All candidates must obtain the approval of the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies for the papers they wish to offer. All applications for approval must reach the Secretary, Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, Oriental Institute, not later than the Monday in the second week of Michaelmas Full Term preceding the examination.
5.1 From late antiquity to early Islam 5.2 Religion, politics and culture in the Umayyad period, 661-750 5.3 History, culture and society in the early Abbasid period, 750-925 5.4 Islamic historiography 5.5 The Seljuqs 5.6 Mamluk Egypt 5.7 History and culture during the Mongol Period 5.8 The rise of the Ottomans to 1566 5.9 Mughul India 5.10 Timurid History and Historiography 5.11 Safavid History 5.12 Arabic or Persian or Ottoman Palaeography 5.13 Qur’an 5.14 Hadith 5.15 Islamic law 5.16 Sufism 5.17 Islamic theology 5.18 Muslim/non-Muslim relations 5.19 Arabic or Persian or Ottoman Turkish literature in any period prior to 1500 5.20 Topics in Arabic Philosophy 5.21 A paper chosen from the M.St. in Islamic Art and Archaeology 5.22 Other subject approved by the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies
All papers will be examined in the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford at the end of Trinity Term except the prescribed essay on methods and research materials a(2). The topic of that paper will be announced by noon on Monday of the fifth week of the Trinity Term. The paper must be submitted to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford by noon on Monday of the sixth week of the Trinity Term.
(c) A thesis of 25,000 words on a subject approved by the Oriental Studies Faculty Board, of which two typed copies must be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by Noon of Monday of the fifth week of Trinity Term of the second year from the candidate’s admission to the course. The thesis must be accompanied by a signed statement by the candidate that the thesis is his or her own work except where otherwise indicated.
(x) Modern Chinese Studies Candidates in Modern Chinese Studies must follow EITHER Track A (Social Science) OR Track B (Humanities) throughout the entire course. Candidates are required to spend a period of at least three months on an approved course of language study in China or Taiwan after the qualifying examination at the end of the Trinity Term of the first year, and before the start of the Hilary Term of the second year. A. Qualifying Examination The examination shall take place not later than the end of the third term from the candidate's admission to the programme. Full details of the Qualifying Examination will be provided in the examination conventions, which will be made available to the candidates from the eighth week of the first term of the candidate's admission. Candidates who fail one or more parts of the Qualifying Examination may be allowed to retake that part or parts once at the end of the Long Vacation of the first year of the course. Candidates who fail the Final Examination elective paper taken with the Qualifying Examination in the first year of the course may be allowed to retake that part with the remainder of the Final Examination papers offered at the end of the second year of the course. The Qualifying Examination shall consist of three parts for Track A and two parts for Track B, as follows:
1. (1) Study of Modern China Each candidate will be required to follow a course of instruction on modern China. Candidates will present themselves for examination in the core course Study of Modern China at the beginning of Hilary Term of the first year.
2. (2) Modern Chinese language (written and oral) All candidates must offer one written and one oral Chinese examination. Candidates will be examined at either elementary or intermediary level. Those who have followed the intermediate level course will not be permitted to enter for the elementary level examination. Candidates shall present themselves for examination in Chinese language at the end of Trinity Term of the first year.
3. (3) Research Methods for Area Studies (Track A only) All candidates are required to undertake an assessment in research methods for Asian studies, which is a series of assignments and/or unseen written examinations as specified by the Oriental Studies Faculty Board. The forms of assessment, and the dates and times of submission, where applicable, will be notified to candidates by not later than Friday of noughth week of Michaelmas Full Term. Candidates shall also be required to offer one Final Examination Elective Paper at the end of Trinity Term of the first year (see below).
B. Final Examination No candidate can pass the Final Examination unless he or she has already passed all parts of the first-year Qualifying Examination. The examination shall take place not later than the end of the third term of the second year from the candidate's admission to the M.Phil. degree programme, with the exception of the first of the two elective papers that shall be taken at the end of the first year of the programme. Full details of the examination will be provided in the examination conventions that will be made available to the candidates in the second term of the second year of the course. (see A. above). In order to pass the degree all parts of the Final Examination must be passed. A candidate who fails the Final Examination will be permitted to retake it on one further occasion in the following year and only have to retake those parts of the examination that were failed. The Final Examination shall consist of:
1. (1) Thesis The thesis will not be more than 20,000 words on a subject approved by the Oriental Studies Faculty Board. Applications for approval of the thesis subject must reach the Secretary, Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, Oriental Institute, on or before Friday of the first week of the Hilary Term preceding the examination. Two typewritten or word-processed copies of the thesis must be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by Noon of Monday of the second week of Trinity Term of the second year from the candidate's admission to the programme. The thesis must be accompanied by a statement that it is the candidate's own work except where otherwise indicated. Successful candidates will be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Bodleian Library, and to sign a form stating whether they give permission for it to be consulted.
2. (2) Two Elective papers Candidates will be required to choose two elective papers offered as option courses under the M.Phil. or M.Sc. in Modern Chinese Studies or under another Master’s (M.Phil., M.Sc. or M.St.) degree programme in the University. The latter must be approved by the Board. The first elective paper will be taken at the end of the first year of the course, while the second paper will be taken at the end of the second year of the course. A list of papers approved for this purpose by the Oriental Studies Faculty Board will be available from the Course Director. The paper elected in the second year may not be the same as that taken in the first year. The examiners may, at their discretion, either require candidates to sit the standard examination paper forhese elective papers, or offer a paper set specifically for students on the M.Phil. in Modern Chinese Studies.
3. (3) Modern Chinese language (written and oral) Candidates will be required to take the written examination and an oral examination at the end of the Trinity Term of their final year. Candidates will be examined at either elementary or intermediate level. Those who have followed the intermediate level course will not be permitted to enter for the elementary level examination.
4. (4) Modern China (Track B only) Candidates will be required to take a final written examination in the study of Modern China.
5. The examiners may examine any candidate viva voce.
6. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the final examination, but not in the qualifying examination.
(xi) Tibetan and Himalayan Studies
A. Qualifying Examination Candidates must pass a qualifying examination in Tibetan language at the end of the Hilary Term of their first year. This will consist of a written and an oral examination.
B. Final Examination
1. 1. All candidates will be required to offer the following three papers, to offer a thesis of not more than 30,000 words, and to present themselves for an oral examination.
  1. (i) Unseen translation both from and into Tibetan. (ii) Translation from two set texts, which will include a modern Tibetan work and a classical work. The texts will be reported to the Faculty Board’s second meeting of Trinity Full Term in the second year of the course†. (iii) History and civilisation of Tibet and the Himalayas. Topics covered will include the history, politics, religion, and anthropology of the region.
C. Thesis Candidates must submit a thesis of not more than 30,000 words on a topic selected by the candidate in consultation with his or her supervisor and approved by the faculty board.*

(xii) Modern South Asian Studies

A. Qualifying Examination Candidates must pass a qualifying examination in Modern South Asian Studies not later than the end of the third term after that in which the candidate's name is first entered on the register of M.Phil students. Unless exempted by the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies candidates will be required to offer the following papers:
1. 1. Qualifying examination in Hindi (or the substitute core) language, based on knowledge of grammar, translation and reading comprehension. 2. A general methodological paper on the history and culture of South Asia, to be assessed by three-hour examination. Candidates, who will submit a take-home essay in their first year of the course to partially fulfil the requirements of (c) in the Final Examination, must enter for this paper in their first year. The mark for such essays will not be moderated until the candidate’s final year of the course. Any failed Final Examination papers may be retaken on one occasion only, at the same time in the following academic year.
B. Final Examination
1. 1. All candidates must offer: (a) one of the following language papers in Hindi, Literary Hindi, Bengali Brajbhasha, Sanskrit, Tibetan or Persian, based on knowledge of grammar, translation and reading comprehension. (Teaching for some languages may not be available every year.) (b) a thesis of not more than 20,000 words on a topic selected by the candidate in consultation with his or her supervisor and approved by the Faculty Board at its second meeting in the Michaelmas Term preceding the term in which the candidate proposes to take the final examination, in the academic year following that in which the candidate’s name was entered in the Register of M.Phil. students. Three typewritten copies of the thesis must be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford not later than noon on Friday of the third week of the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken. (c) three papers from (i)-(xvii) below. Instead of one of these papers, a candidate may offer a paper on a subject not included in the list below, with the approval of the board.
2. 2. Optional Subjects Courses marked with an asterisk are assessed by three-hour examination at the end of the second year. Others may be assessed either by three-hour examination at the end of the second year or on the basis of two essays of not more than 5,000 words each, on topics selected by the candidate from a list on the take-home examination paper, to be collected from the Faculty Office after 12 noon on the last Friday of term in which teaching for the paper is completed. The essays must be submitted to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by 12 noon on the Friday of noughth week of the term following that in which formal teaching for the Optional Subject is completed. When a paper assessed by essay is taught in the first year of the course, candidates must enter for the paper in the first year. The Optional Subjects are:
  1. (i) Early Hindi Texts* (ii) Modern Hindi Texts* (iii) Urdu Literary Texts* (iv) History and Civilisation of Tibet and the Himalayas (Paper (iii) in the MPhil in Oriental Studies (xi) Tibetan and Himalayan Studies) (v) The Social Anthropology of a Selected Region: South Asia (Paper (i) in the MPhil in Social Anthropology) (vi) Societies and economies in India 1600-1800 (vii) Aspects of social change in South Asia, c. 1860 to the Present (Advanced Option (ii) in the MSt in Global and Imperial History) (viii) Islamic History in South Asia (ix) Scientific knowledge systems and their history in India (x) History and Politics of South Asia (Paper (e) in the MPhil in Politics) (xi) Gender and Society in India, c. 1800 to the present (xii) Material and visual culture of South Asia (xiii) Approaches to the history of Hinduism in India (xiv) Shaivism (xv) History of Medicine in South Asia (xvi) Gender and experience in Hindi Literature (xvii) History of Afghanistan c. 1900 to the present (xviii) Any other subject approved by the faculty board Teaching for some optional subjects may not be available in every year.
3. 3. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination. 4. A candidate who fails the examination will be permitted to retake it on one further occasion only, not later than one year after the initial attempt. Such a candidate whose thesis has been of a satisfactory standard may resubmit the same piece of work, while a candidate who has reached a satisfactory standard on the written papers will not be required to retake that part of the examination.

(xiii) Traditional East Asia: Classical, Medieval, and Early Modern
A. Qualifying Examination Every candidate will be required, unless exempted by the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, to satisfy the examiners in an examination, to be known as the Qualifying Examination for the M.Phil in Traditional East Asia: Classical, Medieval, and Early Modern, not later than the end of the third term after that in which the candidate’s name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil Students. All candidates must offer:
1. 1. A language examination in modern Chinese or modern Japanese or modern Korean
2. 2. A language examination in classical Chinese or classical Japanese or middle Korean
3. 3. A written examination in Traditional East Asia
4. 4. Three submitted essays on traditional East Asia. The essays, which must be of not more than 2,500 words each, must be written by the candidate, one in each of the three terms of the first year, and must be chosen by the candidate to represent the candidate’s best written performance in that term. Each essay must be submitted to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by 12 noon on the Friday of eighth week of the term in which the paper is taught.
B. Final Examination This shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year following that in which the candidate’s name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil Students or, with the approval of the faculty board, in a subsequent year. All candidates must offer:
1. 1. Prescribed texts in one of the following: (i) Classical Chinese; (ii) Classical Japanese; (iii) Middle Korean; (iv) Classical Chinese and Classical Japanese; (v) Classical Chinese and Middle Korean.
2. 2. Research Bibliography and Methodology on one of the following: (i) China; (ii) Japan; (iii) Korea. This paper will be set as a take-home examination. The answer or answers should be typed and presented in proper scholarly form. The question paper will be distributed to candidates in the Oriental Institute at 10 a.m. on Monday of eighth week of the Trinity Term in which the Final Examination is to be taken. The completed examination must be handed in to the Examination Schools no later than 12 noon on Friday of the same week.
3. 3. Thesis. Candidates must submit a thesis of not be more than 30,000 words on a subject selected by the candidate in consultation with his or her supervisor and approved by the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies.*
4. 4. The examiners will also examine every candidate viva voce unless excused.

Philosophical Theology

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Theology are as follows:

Candidates shall be required:

(a) To present themselves for a written examination in three of the papers prescribed below, the selection to depend on their previous qualifications;
(b) to present a thesis* of not more than 30,000 words on a topic in philosophical theology to be approved by the faculty board (the thesis must be accompanied by a signed statement by the candidate that the thesis is his or her own work except where otherwise indicated; successful candidates may be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Bodleian and to sign a form stating whether they give permission for the thesis to be consulted);
(c) to present themselves for a viva voce examination unless individually dispensed by the examiners (no candidate will be failed without a viva).
1. 1. Philosophy of Religion with syllabus for examination the same as that for essays for the B.Phil. in Philosophy.
2. 2. Either Moral Philosophy or Metaphysics and Theory of Knowledge or Philosophical Logic and Philosophy of Language or Philosophy of Science or Philosophy of Mind and of Action with syllabus for examination the same as that for essays for the B.Phil. in Philosophy.
3. 3. History of Philosophical Theology The paper will contain questions on philosophical influences on theology during the patristic period, the early medieval period, and the period 1760-1860. Candidates are required to show knowledge of two of the three periods, and, within each of those two periods, of some of the principal relevant writings, viz. for the patristic period of works of Origen and Augustine, for the early medieval period of works of Anselm and Aquinas, and for the period 1760-1860 of works of Kant, Kierkegaard, and Schleiermacher. Study of texts in the original languages will not be required.
4. 4. Either The Development of Christian Doctrine to ad 451 or Theology in Western Europe from Gabriel Biel to Jacob Arminius as specified for the M.Phil. in Theology (paper 1 of Section A and paper 1 of Section C of the Christian Doctrine option).

The Examiners may award a Distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate is not of sufficient merit to qualify him or her for the Degree of M.Phil. but is nevertheless of sufficient merit to qualify him or her for the Degree of Master of Studies in Philosophical Theology, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. examination under the appropriate regulation, or of being granted permission to supplicate for the Degree of Master of Studies.

Politics (Comparative Government, Political Theory, European Politics and Society)

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations. The current edition of the Notes of Guidance for Graduate Students and Supervisors in Politics contains an elaborated version of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Politics Graduate Studies Committee are as follows:

Qualifying Test

Each candidate must pass a Qualifying Test at the end of the third term from the beginning of the course in the two compulsory papers specified for their course, unless given exemption by the Politics Graduate Studies Committee.

In Comparative Government the two compulsory papers are Comparative Government and Research Methods in Political Science.

In European Politics and Society the two compulsory papers are European Governance and Research Methods in Political Science.

In Political Theory the two compulsory papers are Theory of Politics and Research Methods in Political Theory.

Candidates who fail the written examination part of the Qualifying Test will normally be allowed to retake it before the beginning of the next academic year.

Compulsory papers:

(a) Research Methods
1. (i) Research Methods in Political Science is a compulsory paper for candidates in Comparative Government and in European Politics and Society. Candidates will satisfactorily complete a programme of core and optional research methods training, as specified in the Notes of Guidance for Graduate Students and Supervisors in Politics, and will also produce a Research Design Essay of between 4,000 and 6,000 words, excluding bibliography, on research design as it bears on some aspect of politics. Two hard copies of the Research Design Essay, together with a copy on CD, must be submitted to the Examination Schools by noon on the Friday of sixth week of Trinity Term. It must be accompanied by a separate signed declaration that it is the candidate’s own work except where otherwise indicated and that it has not previously been submitted for assessment, either at Oxford or at another institution. The essay will normally be related to the subject of the student’s proposed M.Phil. thesis. The Director of Graduate Studies in Politics shall draw the attention of the examiners to the names of any candidates who have failed to complete their research methods training to a satisfactory level of quality, and the examiners may require candidates to retake the course or a specified part thereof.
2. (ii) Research Methods in Political Theory is a compulsory paper for candidates in Political Theory. Candidates will satisfactorily complete a programme of core and optional research methods training, as specified in the Notes of Guidance for Graduate Students and Supervisors in Politics, and will also produce a Research Design Essay of between 4,000 and 6,000 words, excluding bibliography, on research design as it bears on some aspect of political theory. Two copies of the Research Design Essay, together with a copy on CD, must be submitted to the Examination Schools by noon on the Friday of sixth week of Trinity Term. It must be accompanied by a separate signed declaration that it is the candidate’s own work except where otherwise indicated and that it has not previously been submitted for assessment, either at Oxford or at another institution. The essay will normally be related to the subject of the student’s proposed M.Phil. thesis. The Director of Graduate Studies in Politics shall draw the attention of the examiners to the names of any candidates who have failed to complete their research methods training to a satisfactory level of quality, and the examiners may require candidates to retake the course or a specified part thereof.
Candidates in European Politics and Society will be required to have a working (i.e. good reading) knowledge of two of the following languages of the European Union: viz. English, and one of French, German, Italian, Polish, or Spanish. Unless exempted by the Politics Graduate Studies Committee, candidates will be tested in the language or languages they propose to offer by the end of their third term. Candidates who fail the test will normally be allowed to retake the test before the beginning of the next academic year.
(b) Comparative Government (Compulsory paper for Comparative Government students only) The theory and practice of government in modern states.
(c) Theory of Politics (Compulsory paper for Political Theory students only) A critical examination of political concepts and theories, including social concepts and theories with political relevance.
(d) European Governance (Compulsory paper for European Politics and Society students only) The constitutions and formal structure of governments in European states, including the UK, and the theory and practice of integration in Europe. The marks achieved by candidates in the two compulsory papers of the Qualifying Test will be carried forward to be considered by the examiners in the second year alongside the marks achieved in the Final Examination.
Final examination
No candidate shall enter the final examination unless he or she has already passed the Qualifying Test. In the final examination every candidate must offer:
1. (1) A thesis* of not more than 30,000 words, excluding bibliography. Two hard copies, together with a copy on CD, must be submitted to the Examination Schools by noon on the Monday of first week of Trinity Term. The thesis must be accompanied by a separate signed declaration that it is the candidate’s own work except where otherwise indicated and that it has not previously been submitted for assessment, either at Oxford or at another institution. After the examination process is complete, each successful candidate must deposit one hardbound copy of their thesis in the Bodleian Library.
2. (2) Two subject papers.
3. Candidates sitting for the M.Phil. (Comparative Government) may select two papers from the following list: (e)-(y).
4. Candidates sitting for the M.Phil. (Political Theory) may select two papers from the following list: (x)-(ag).
5. Candidates sitting for the M.Phil. (European Politics and Society) may select two papers from the list: (e)-(ag).
Candidates may, with the special permission of the Politics Graduate Studies Committee, offer subjects outside this list. Applications must be made by the last Friday of the Trinity Term preceding that in which the examination is to be taken, and must be supported by the student’s supervisor. Supervisors should ensure that applications are submitted as early as possible so that if approval is not given, the candidate has sufficient time to choose an alternative. Teaching in some options may not be available each year.
(e) The History and Politics of South Asia The political history, political sociology, political institutions, and political economy of South Asia (India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh) since 1947; the state, political institutions, party politics, and ‘movement’ politics; conditions for democracy; the politics of gender, class, caste, religion, and ethnicity; the evolution of political ideologies; social organisation, culture and identities as they bear on politics, the politics of ‘development’.
(f) Politics in Africa Political action, representation, and institutions in African countries through comparative perspectives: generalisations and exceptionalisms; analytic approaches; forms of colonial rule; African nationalisms; one-party systems; military regimes; multi-party systems; politics of democracy; parties and elections; conditions of democracy; politics of economic reforms; politics of health and HIV/AIDS; land reform and agricultural policies; politics of elites; workers and trade unions; rural societies and politics; ethnicities and politics; religions and politics; gender and politics.
(g) The Politics of Transition in Central and Eastern Europe This course chooses a comparative and thematic approach to explore the politics of transition in Central and Eastern Europe (broadly defined). The key themes this course analyses are: the dynamics of the collapse of socialism; theories of transition and consolidation; the role of agency, leadership and institutional design; political and social mobilisation; EU accession and EU conditionality; nation- and state- building (including federal break-up, ethnic conflicts and minority protection); and migration patterns.
(h) Political Sociology As specified for the M.Phil. in Sociology.
(i)-(p) The Politics and Government of Major States
1. (i) The Politics and Government of the UK;
2. (j) The Politics and Government of the USA;
3. (k) The Politics and Government of France;
4. (l) The Politics and Government of Russia;
5. (m) The Politics and Government of Germany;
6. (n) The Politics and Government of Italy;
7. (o) The Politics and Government of China;
8. (p) The Politics and Government of Japan.
Candidates will be expected to show a thorough knowledge of the recent political development of the country chosen, of its political structure, and of the manner in which its system of government operates. They must be able to read the available literature in a language of the country selected, except in the cases of Russia, China and Japan.
(q) The Politics of Democracy in Latin America Definitions of democracy in Latin America; the conditions for stable democratic regimes; the breakdown of democratic regimes; transitions from authoritarian regimes; parties and electoral systems; political participation; political ideologies; the role of constitutions in theory and practice; public administration; policy making in democratic systems; civil-military relations; the international context of democracy.
(r) Executive Government Candidates will explore generic and comparative themes in executive government and bureaucracy using a range of analytical perspectives. Candidates are expected to be familiar with the politics of bureaucracy in at least one country and to show awareness of the basic literature in the comparative study of bureaucracy.
(s) European International History since 1945 The origins of the Cold War in Europe; institution-formation (including Council of Europe, NATO, European Communities, CSCE); Europe in East-West relations; Germany, France, and Britain (impact of war, decolonisation; intra-European relations and relations with the superpowers; values, priorities, and historical memory); the emergence and character of European Community/Union external policies; the causes and consequences of the end of the Cold War in Europe.
(t) Comparative Political Economy Candidates will be introduced to some of the major topics related to the comparative political economy of industrialised democracies and will be encouraged to question whether the political relationships among individuals, institutions and the economy are different in different countries. Topics will include the relationship between social coalitions and politics; the nature of corporatism; the existing diversity among advanced market economies; the influence of unions and wage bargaining institutions; the reasons why some countries have comprehensive welfare states and whether the welfare state is declining; the impact of government partisanship and electoral factors on economic policy; the political causes and effects of inequality; the political and economic importance of globalisation; and the relationship between democracy and economic growth.
(u) The Political Economy of Inequality and Democracy This course will introduce MPhil students to some of the major topics related to the political economy of inequality, politics, institutions and redistribution. It is organized around a framework that emphasizes the relationship between equality and efficiency, the nature of inequality, the political causes and consequences of redistribution, and the relationship between inequality and democracy. Through reading, writing of discussion papers, and seminar participation, students will develop the relevant analytical skills to understand the relationships affecting individual preferences, political and economic institutions, and policy outcomes.
(v) Comparative European Parliaments Candidates will explore generic and comparative themes in European legislative politics, at both national and EU level, using a range of analytical perspectives. Candidates are expected to be familiar with legislative politics in at least two European states and the EU level as well as to show awareness of the basic literature in the comparative study of legislatures.
(w) Comparative Presidentialism This course will introduce students to the leading theoretical, empirical and cross-regional issues that are addressed by comparative studies of presidentialism. Candidates will be required to show knowledge of competing definitions of presidentialism; debates about the contribution of presidentialsm to democratisation and regime stability; the phenomenon of coalitional presidentialism; the impact of presidentialism on legislative politics and cabinet formation; presidentialism and party development; paraconstitutional practices and informal institutions under presidentialsm; and the policy consequences of presidential systems.
(x) Theory of Voting The properties of majority rule; the Condorcet and Borda rules; the main modern results on majority rule (including the median voter theorem, Arrow's, May's, Sen's, and Gibbard's Theorems); the relationship between majority rule and proportional representation, and between proportional representation and apportionment; normative consequences of the formal results on voting.
(y) Democratization: Theory and Practice Democratic theory and democratisation; theories of regime change; the establishment, stabilisation, and breakdown of democratic regimes; interactionist, structuralist, and discourse-based interpretations; economic and sociological correlates; issues of comparative methodology; definitions, concepts, and cultural relativism; constitutions, institutional design, and party organisation; democratisation and international politics. Practice. Candidates will be expected to show knowledge of the main analytical issues arising from contemporary democratization experiences in at least two of the following clusters of countries: China (including Hong Kong, Singapore, and Taiwan); East-Central Europe (post-Communist countries excluding the former USSR); Middle America (i.e. Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean); South America; South Asia; Southern Africa (Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa); Southern Europe (Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey); Sub-Saharan Africa (other than Southern Africa); ex-USSR states. Note: Candidates taking options to study the politics of any of these areas, in addition to this paper, will be required to show knowledge of at least one other region.
(z) The Political and Ethical Thought of Plato and Aristotle Candidates are required to show knowledge of the major writings on ethics and politics in the works of both Plato and Aristotle. Questions may also be asked on the ethical and political thought of the Pre-Socratics.
(aa) Political Theories from Machiavelli to Burke The authors to be studied will include: Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Hume, Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Burke. Candidates are required to show knowledge of at least three authors.
(ab) Political Theories of Hegel and Marx In addition to a knowledge of the original texts, candidates will be expected to show some knowledge of later developments in Hegelian and Marxist ideas, and to be able to discuss the theories of Hegel and Marx in the context of contemporary political thought. Candidates are required to show knowledge of the work of both of these authors.
(ac) The History of Liberal Thought in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries The development of liberal thought in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, including the study of key thinkers and significant liberal traditions. The paper will include the study of some of the following authors and topics: Bentham and the philosophical radicals, J. S. Mill, the new liberalism, German liberalism (Weber and national liberalism), French solidarism and republicanism, American liberalism (Croly and Dewey), social democracy, Berlin and pluralism, Hayek, and the Rawlsians.
(ad) Issues in Contemporary Continental European Social and Political Thought A critical examination of the issues in contemporary European social and political thought: politics and power, state and society, the political subject, ideology and language.
(ae) Ideologies and Political Traditions in Modern Europe The conceptual and historical analysis of the principal political ideologies of Europe from the late nineteenth century; theories of ideologies and political traditions; conservatism, liberalism; socialism, communism; anarchism; nationalism; fascism; republicanism.
(af) Contemporary Political Philosophy Recent developments in political philosophy. Candidates will be expected to show knowledge of the work of selected authors working within the analytical tradition of political philosophy, as well as critical ability in dealing with political concepts and theories.
(ag) Kant’s Political Philosophy The course will address all aspects of Kant’s political philosophy, including its relation to his moral philosophy. Specifically, it will look at his theory of the formation of the state, the nature of law and constitution, the role of social contract, his rather authoritarian view of political obligation, his conception of citizenship, his theory of property, his theory of international law and international relations, and his cosmopolitanism.

Candidates sitting for the M.Phil. (Comparative Government) and the M.Phil (European Politics and Society) may also select the following paper:

(ah) Comparative Presidentialism This course will introduce students to the leading theoretical, empirical and cross-regional issues that are addressed by comparative studies of presidentialism. Candidates will be required to show knowledge of competing definitions of presidentialism; debates about the contribution of presidentialsm to democratisation and regime stability; the phenomenon of coalitional presidentialism; the impact of presidentialism on legislative politics and cabinet formation; presidentialism and party development; paraconstitutional practices and informal institutions under presidentialsm; and the policy consequences of presidential systems.

Candidates must present themselves for viva voce examination when requested by the examiners.

The Examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination on the basis of the work submitted to them in both the Qualifying Test and the Final Examination.

Russian and East European Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Russian and East European Studies Management Committee are as follows:

First year examinations

There will be three compulsory papers to be taken at the end of the first year of the course.

1. An examination paper on Twentieth Century Russian, Soviet and East European History.
2. An examination paper on Politics, Economics and International Relations of the Former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.
3. An examination paper on Society and Culture in the Former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.

The papers shall be set and administered by the examiners appointed to examine the M.Phil in Russian and East European Studies. The examination will be held in the eighth week of Trinity Full Term.

Candidates who pass these qualifying papers may proceed to the second year of the course and take the final examination at the end of the second year. Candidates who fail one or more of the examination papers may, by permission of the Russian and East European Studies Management Committee, proceed to the second year of the course and resit the failed papers during the final examination.Such candidates will also be required to have demonstrated competence in Methods and in either Russian or, in the case of candidates who select a thesis topic concerned with Eastern Europe, a relevant East European language, to be approved by the Management Committee for Russian and East European Studies (see below).

Final Examination

No candidate shall enter the final examination unless he or she has already passed the three compulsory papers in the first-year examination, save that the Russian and East European Studies Management Committee may permit any candidate who has failed one or more of the compulsory examination papers to re-sit the papers at the same time as the final examination. Candidates must also have satisfied the Methods and Language requirements, as outlined below. In the final examination, every candidate must offer:

(a) a thesis of at least 25,000 words but not more than 30,000 words on a subject approved by the committee, to be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by Friday in the third week of Trinity Term in which the final examination is taken. The thesis must be accompanied by a statement that the thesis is the candidate’s own work except where otherwise indicated.
(b) two subjects chosen from a list, published annually, of optional courses approved by the Russian and East European Studies Management Committee. The subjects which candidates wish to offer for examination must be submitted to the committee for approval. Note: as not all special subjects may be available in every year, candidates should apply to the Management Committee for Russian and East European Studies for permission to offer them before undertaking any work on them.

The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Methods Requirement. Each candidate will be required to participate in training in methodology (quantitative and qualitative) and research skills related to Russian and East European Studies and to have achieved pass marks for the assessed components, as specified in the Notes of Guidance of the year of Matriculation of the Candidates.

Language Requirement. Before admission to the final examination all candidates will be required to pass a language qualifying exam as evidence that they have acquired a satisfactory knowledge of Russian or, in the case of candidates who select a thesis topic concerned with Eastern Europe, of a relevant East European language. The specific arrangements for the provision and methods of assessment of language training are governed by the Examination Conventions and Notes of Guidance of the year of matriculation of the candidates.

Slavonic Studies

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Medieval and Modern Languages are as follows:

1. Candidates will be required to satisfy the examiners in a Qualifying Examination identical with that for the M.St. in Slavonic Studies, in the academic year in which their names are first entered on the Register of M.Phil. Students, before proceeding to the final examination for the M.Phil. in the following year. Holders of the M.St. in Slavonic Studies are exempt from this Qualifying Examination.
2. In the final examination for the M.Phil. each candidate will be required to take two subjects from the Schedules listed for the M.St., excluding Schedule 2 v. Candidates must take at least one subject from Schedule 2 i-iv, if they have not already done so for the M.St. or for the Qualifying Examination. Candidates may not repeat subjects which they have taken for the M.St. or for the Qualifying Examination, nor take subjects from Schedules from which they have already taken two subjects for the M.St. or for the Qualifying Examination. Candidates may not take subjects which they have already studied in a first degree course.
3. Each candidate will be required to present a thesis of approximately 20,000 words and not more than 25,000 words. Candidates are required to register the subject area or title of their thesis with the Modern Languages Graduate Office by the end of the fourth week of Hilary Term of their second year. The subject of the thesis should fall within the area of Slavonic languages and literatures. Three copies of the M.Phil. thesis must be submitted to the Examination Schools by noon on Thursday of Week 6 of Trinity Term of the second year. Work submitted in the thesis for the Degree of M.Phil. may subsequently be incorporated in a thesis submitted for the Degree of D.Phil.
4. Candidates must present themselves for oral examination unless dispensed by the examiners.
5. Candidates will be expected to be able to read secondary literature in at least one European language other than English and the Slavonic languages, and may be required to demonstrate this ability. Candidates will also be expected to attend a course of lectures on bibliographical, library, and archival resources in the field of Slavonic Studies.
6. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work done by a candidate is not of sufficient merit to qualify him for the Degree of M.Phil. but that nevertheless his or her work in the Qualifying Examination was of sufficient merit to qualify him or her for the Degree of M.St. in Slavonic Studies, the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. examination under the appropriate regulation or of being granted permission to supplicate for the Degree of Master of Studies.
7. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.

Social Anthropology

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The Social Sciences Divisional Board shall elect for the supervision of the course a Standing Committee, namely the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology, which shall have power to arrange lectures and other instruction. The course director shall be responsible to that committee.

The examination shall consist of the following:

1. Qualifying Examination Every candidate will be required to satisfy the examiners in an examination for which, if he or she passes at the appropriate level, he or she will be allowed to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil. Candidates must follow a course of instruction in Social Anthropology for at least three terms, and will, when entering for the examinations, be required to produce a certificate from their supervisor to this effect. The Qualifying Examination shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. students or, with the approval of the divisional board, in a subsequent year. Each candidate will be required to satisfy the examiners in papers I-IV on the syllabus described in the Schedule for the M.Sc. in Social Anthropology, and governed by regulation 4 for that degree.
2. Final Examination This shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year following that in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. Students or, with the approval of the faculty board, in a subsequent year. Each candidate shall be required:
1. (i) to present himself or herself for written examination in one of the optional areas or topics available for that year, other than that taken by the candidate in the M.Phil. Qualifying Examination the previous year;
2. (ii) to submit to the Chairman of Examiners not later than noon on Tuesday of the fifth week of Trinity Term an essay of 5,000 words (two copies) in the field of general Social Anthropology, on a topic to be selected from a list set by the examiners at the beginning of the third week of Trinity Term;
3. (iii) to submit a thesis in accordance with the regulations below;
4. (iv) to present himself or herself for oral examination if required by the examiners.

3. Thesis* Each candidate shall be required to submit a thesis of not more than 30,000 words (excluding references and appendices) on a subject approved by the supervisor. He or she shall send to the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology, with the written approval of his or her supervisor, the proposed title of the thesis, by noon on the Monday of second week of the Michaelmas Term in the academic year following that in which his or her name was entered on the Register of M.Phil. Students. The thesis (three copies) must be typewritten and delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, not later than noon on Tuesday of the second week of the Trinity Term in the academic year in which the Final Examination is taken. The word count shall be stated on the outside front cover of the thesis. The examiners shall require a successful candidate to deposit a copy of his or her thesis in the Tylor Library. If the thesis is superseded by a D.Phil. thesis by the same student partly using the same material, the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology may authorise the withdrawal of the M.Phil. thesis from the Tylor Library. Such candidates will be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for their thesis to be consulted. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination. If it is the opinion of the examiners that the work which has been required of a candidate is not of sufficient merit to qualify him or her for the Degree of M.Phil. the candidate shall be given the option of resitting the M.Phil. examination under the appropriate regulation.
4. Resits In order to pass the degree, a student must pass all its assessed components. Where one or more components are failed, the student will be given the opportunity to re-sit or re-submit them once, as the case may be. Any subsequent award of the degree on successful completion of all the assessed components may be delayed by up to three terms, i.e. until the Examination Board next meets.

Sociology

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Social Studies are as follows:

Qualifying test

Every candidate must pass a qualifying test at the end of the third term from the beginning of the course in the three compulsory papers, Methods of Social Research, Sociological Analysis, Advanced Research Methods and one Optional Paper from the list of optional papers, specified by the Department of Sociology. This list will be published annually by Friday of the third week of Michaelmas Full Term in the Department of Sociology. Where coursework forms a part of the assessment, two typewritten copies must be delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by noon on Friday of the eighth week of the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken unless otherwise specified in the Graduate Studies Handbook, or, in the case of options taken outside the Department of Sociology, as specified by the department or faculty concerned. The examiners may examine candidates viva voce. Candidates who fail the qualifying test are allowed to retake the test before the beginning of the first week of the next academic year. Such candidates are required to retake only those elements of the qualifying test that they have failed. Candidates who fail only one out of the four papers may, by permission of the Sociology Graduate Studies Committee, proceed to the second year of the course and re-sit the failed paper at the same time as the final examination. No candidate will be permitted to re-sit any of the compulsory papers more than once.

Final Examination

Every candidate must offer:

1. One further optional paper from the list of optional papers specified by the Department of Sociology.
2. A thesis* of not more than 30,000 words on a topic within the subject of the course, to be specified jointly by supervisor and student; two typewritten copies to be delivered to the Examination Schools, High St, Oxford, by noon on Friday of the sixth week of the Trinity Full Term in which the examination is to be taken. Successful candidates will be required to deposit a copy of their thesis in the Department of Sociology. Candidates are warned that they should avoid repetition in their theses of material used in their option papers and that substantial repetition may be penalised. The examiners may examine any candidate viva voce. The examiners may award a Distinction for excellence in the whole examination on the basis of the material submitted to them in both the qualifying and the final examination.

Compulsory Papers

Methods of Social Research

(a) The satisfactory completion of a course of practical work including (i) statistical methods; (ii) qualitative methods; (iii) research design.
Candidates shall submit reports of the practical work completed to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, by the following deadlines: for (i) statistical methods by 12 noon on Friday of the fifth week of the second term of the course; for (ii) qualitative methods, assignment 1 by 12 noon on Friday of the ninth week of the first term of the course and assignment 2 by 12 noon on the Friday preceding the first week of the second term of the course; for (iii) research design by 12 noon on Monday of the first week of the third term of the course. The reports must be accompanied by a statement that they are the candidate's own work except where otherwise indicated. For (i) statistical methods, candidates will also be required to take a two-hour in-class test to be held on the Friday preceding the first week of the second term of the course. The Director of Graduate Studies, or a deputy, shall draw to the attention of the examiners the names of any candidates who have failed to complete to a satisfactory level of quality the course of practical work, and the examiners may require candidates to retake the course or a specified part thereof. The reports of practical work shall be available for inspection by the examiners.

Sociological Analysis

The object and objective of sociological analysis in relation to other social sciences. The nature of different sociological explanations, their possibilities and methodological implications. The relevance of rationality and of its limits with regard to both individual agents and institutions. The interrelationships between description and explanation, theory and empirical data, macro- and micro-levels of analysis as they emerge from areas of major sociological enquiry.

Advanced Research Methods

The theoretical foundation and practical implementation of the advanced research methods for sociology. This paper also covers the linkage between advanced research methods and substantive debates in sociological research. The specific methods covered in this paper will be revised from time to time. Candidates shall submit research essays or reports as specified in the graduate studies handbook. Submitted work must be accompanied by a statement that it is the candidate’s own work expect where otherwise indicated.

Theology

(See also the general notice at the commencement of these regulations.)

The regulations made by the Board of the Faculty of Theology are as follows:

1. Every candidate shall be required:
1. (a) to present himself or herself for written examinations and to submit essays in one of the subjects prescribed below;
2. (b) to present a thesis* of not more than 20,000 words in the case of subjects (a) and (b) or of not more than 30,000 words in the case of subjects (c), (d), and (e). The subject of the thesis must be approved by the faculty board. The candidate should submit to the meeting of the board's Graduate Studies Committee in the first week of Michaelmas Term in his or her second year (submitting the application to the Graduate Studies Assistant for Theology and Religion (Humanities Division, Radcliffe Humanities, Woodstock Road) by Monday of noughth week): the proposed title, a short statement of how the subject will be treated, and the signature of the supervisor indicating his approval. The completed thesis must be accompanied by a signed statement by the candidate that it is his or her own work except where otherwise indicated. Successful candidates may be required to deposit one copy of the thesis in the Bodleian. Candidates will also be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for the thesis to be consulted.
3. (c) to present himself or herself for a viva voce examination unless individually dispensed by the examiners.
A candidate who fails the examination will be permitted to retake it on one further occasion only, not later than one year after the initial attempt. Such a candidate whose thesis has been of satisfactory standard will not be required to submit the same piece of work, while a candidate who has reached a satisfactory standard on the written papers will not be required to retake that part of the examination.
2. The subjects for examination are:
1. (a) Old Testament
2. (b) New Testament
3. (c) Christian Doctrine
4. (d) Ecclesiastical History
5. (e) Christian Ethics.
3. Candidates intending to offer a 10,000–15,000 word essay and/or three short essays should make a written application for approval of the essay topic to the Graduate Studies Assistant in Theology and Religion (Humanities Division, Radcliffe Humanities, Woodstock Road) not later than Monday of fifth week in Trinity Term of the candidate’s first year (to reach the Graduate Studies Committee in sixth week of the same term). In cases where there is some doubt about the acceptability of the proposal, candidates are asked to submit their applications earlier if possible. All applications should be accompanied by a recommendation from the supervisor. All presubmitted essays must be typewritten and two copies must be sent to the Chair of Examiners for the degree of M.Phil in Theology, c/o Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, at least fourteen days before the first day of the examination. The essay must be accompanied by a signed statement by the candidate that the essay is his or her own work except where otherwise indicated.

Old Testament

Candidates will be required to offer papers (i), (ii), and (iii), and either paper (iv) or paper (v).

One of papers (i), (ii) and (iii) must be examined either by a long essay (10,000-15,000 words) or by three short essays of up to 5000 words each. One or two of the remaining papers (except Paper iv) may be examined by three short essays (up to 5000 words each). Titles must be approved by the Graduate Studies Committee not later than sixth week in the candidate’s first year of study.

(i) The Literature of the Old Testament and the Apocrypha in its Historical Setting. Either (a) a general paper comprising the following two sections: (1) passages for comment from the Old Testament and Apocrypha in English; (2) literary and historical questions; Archaeology and Old Testament study; the canon, text, and versions of the Old Testament. Candidates will be required to answer Section 1 and at least two and not more than three questions from Section 2. or (b) a paper on an area for special study approved by the Board of the Faculty of Theology within the scope of the subject. The choice of area must be submitted to the Graduate Studies Assistant in Theology and Religion, Humanities Division, Radcliffe Humanities, Woodstock Road for approval by the board at its first meeting in the Trinity Term preceding the academic year in which the candidate is to be examined.
(ii) Old Testament Theology. This paper includes questions on such topics as the nature and method of Old Testament theology; the theological ideas of the Old Testament (e.g. ideas of God, creation, election, covenant, sacrifice, atonement, life after death, etc.); Israelite religion and the religions of the Ancient Near East; the relation between the Old Testament and the New Testament. Candidates will be required to answer three and not more than four questions.
(iii) Prescribed Hebrew Texts. This paper includes passages for translation with textual and exegetical comments from each of the following: 2 Samuel 9-20; Isaiah 40-55; Amos; Ecclesiastes. Candidates will be required to attempt four passages.
(iv) Either (a) unseen passages for translation from the Hebrew text of the Old Testament; or (b) the Aramaic portions of the Old Testament (Daniel 2.4-7.28; Ezra 4.8-6.18; 7.12-26); or (c) the Septuagint (Genesis 2-4; Isaiah 42, 52-3; Psalms 2, 21 (MT 22), 109 (MT 110); Proverbs 1, 8, 9). Candidates will be expected to translate and comment on four passages, one from each of the groups of texts, and to answer one question of a general nature on the Septuagint, with reference to the set texts.
(v) The History and Principles of Biblical Study. This paper includes questions on such topics as method in biblical study, the history of the interpretation of the Bible, both Jewish and Christian, the use and interpretation of the Bible today.

New Testament

Candidates will be required to offer papers (i) and (ii), and any two out of papers (iii), (iv), and (v).

One of papers (iii), (iv) and (v) must be examined by a long essay (10,000-15,000 words). Another choice from these papers may be examined by three short essays of up to 3000 words each. Titles must be approved by the Graduate Studies Committee not later than sixth week in Trinity Term of the candidate’s first year of study.

(i) Religion and Literature of the New Testament: the Four Gospels and Acts in Greek. Candidates will be required to translate and to comment on matters of literary, historical, and theological importance from a selection of these set texts.
(ii) Religion and Literature of the New Testament: the Epistles and Apocalypse in Greek.
Candidates will be required to translate and to comment on matters of literary, historical, and theological importance from a selection of these set texts.
(iii) New Testament Theology: General Paper.
(iv) Varieties of Judaism: 200 be-ce 200.
Candidates should be prepared to show knowledge of the following texts (in English):
I Enoch, chs. 6-20, 46-51, 89-94 (tr. M. A. Knibb, in H. F. D. Sparks, The Apocryphal Old Testament, OUP, 1984).
Qumran Community Rule, Damascus Rule, Commentary on Habbakuk, Messianic Rule, Midrash on the Last Days (tr. G. Vermes, in The Dead Sea Scrolls in English, Pelican Books, 2nd edn., 1975).
Josephus, Jewish War II (Loeb, 1956); Antiquities XVIII (Loeb, 1965); Against Apion II (Loeb, 1956).
IV Ezra (ed. B. M. Metzger, in J. H. Charlesworth, ed., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, 2 vols., Darton, Longman and Todd, 1983, 1985).
Shemoneh ‘Esreh (The Authorised Daily Prayer Book).
Mishnah Tractates Sanhedrin, Aboth, Mikwaoth (tr. H. Danby, The Mishnah, OUP, 1933).
Targum Neofiti Genesis 1-4, 22 (ed. A. Díez Macho, Neophyti 1, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid-Barcelona, 1968).
The Wisdom of Solomon (RSV).
Philo, Migration of Abraham (Loeb, 1958); On Rewards and Punishments; On the Virtues (Loeb, 1960).
Joseph and Aseneth (ed. C. Burchard, in Charlesworth, op. cit.).
Sibylline Oracles III (ed. J. J. Collins, in Charlesworth, op. cit.).
Candidates may offer any or all of the following texts in the original languages:
Qumran Community Rule 1-4, in E. Lohse, ed., Die Texte aus Qumran, Hebräisch und Deutsch (2nd edn., Darmstadt, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1971).
Qumran Commentary on Habakkuk (ed. E. Lohse, op. cit.).
Philo, Life of Moses I, 1-44 (Loeb, 1958).
Josephus, Antiquities XVIII, 1-28, 63-4, 109-19 (Loeb, 1965).
Joseph and Aseneth, in M. Philonenko, ed. Joseph et Aséneth (E. J. Brill, 1968).
(v) The History and Principles of Biblical Study (= Paper (v) for the Old Testament).

Christian Doctrine

Candidates will be required to offer one of the following sections:

Section a: History of Doctrine: Patristic Theology

Section b: History of Doctrine: Scholastic Theology

Section c: History of Doctrine: Reformation Theology

Section d: Issues in Theology with special reference to Patristic Theology

Section e: Issues in Theology with special reference to Scholastic Theology

Section f: Issues in Theology with special reference to Reformation Theology

Section g: Issues in Theology with special reference to Theology from Kant to the present day.

Candidates will be expected to offer all the three or four papers prescribed under each section, together with the dissertation. In Sections A-C candidates will not be required to translate passages from the set texts for Paper 2 but will be required to comment on passages given in the original languages.

Section A—History of Doctrine: Patristic Theology

Candidates must do Paper 1, Paper 2a or 2b, and paper 3.

1. The Development of Christian Doctrine to [Until 1 October 2013: AD 451] [From 1 October 2013: AD 787]. Candidates will be expected to show knowledge of the main lines of development of Christian Doctrine and to be able to discuss these in relation to the historical conditions which influenced that development.

2(a). Hellenistic Philosophy and Christian Theology.

An examination consisting of essays and passages for translation and comment will be set. Candidates may choose whether to translate and comment on Greek or on Latin texts. The prescribed texts to be studied in Greek are:

Ps.-Aristotle, De Mundo (Loeb)

*Plutarch, De E apud Delphos (Loeb)

Albinus, Epitome VIII-XI (Budé)

Plotinus, Enneads 1.6, V.1 (Loeb or Oxford Classical Texts).

Origen, Contra Celsum VII (Sources Chrétiennes (S.C.))

Gregory of Nyssa, Quod non sint Tres Dii (Migne, P. G., Vol. 45)

*———De Hominis Opificio (Migne, P. G., Vol. 44)

Dionysius the Areopagite, De Mystica Theologia (Migne, P. G., Vol. 3).

The prescribed texts to be studied in Latin are:

*Augustine, Contra Academicos (Corpus Christianorum Series Latina (C.C.S.L., Vol. XXIX)

———Confessions X-XII (C.C.S.L., Vol. XXVII)

———De Civitate Dei VIII-X (C.C.S.L., Vol. XLVII)

———De Trinitate XII, XIII (C.C.S.L., Vols. L and LA)

2(b). Christology of the Patristic Era

An examination containing essays and passages for translation and comment will be set. Candidates may choose to translate and comment either on Greek or on Latin texts. The prescribed texts to be studied in Greek are:

*Origen, Dialogue with Herakleides 1, 1-8.17 (S.C., Vol. 67)

Athanasius, De Incarnatione (S.C., Vol. 199)

*Athanasius, Epistle to Epictetus (Migne, P. G., Vol. 26)

Gregory of Nazianzus, Theological Orations 4 (S.C., Vol. 250)

Theodore of Mopsuestia, De Incarnatione VII (ed. H. B. Swete, Theodore of Mopsuestia's Commentaries on the Pauline Epistles (Vol. II, pp. 293-7))

Cyril of Alexandria, 2nd and 3rd letters to Nestorius; 2nd Letter to Succensus (Oxford Early Christian Texts); Letter to John of Antioch (ed. T. H. Bindley, The Oecumenical Documents of the Faith)

The Chalcedonian Definition of the Faith (ed. T. H. Bindley, op. cit.).

The prescribed texts to be studied in Latin are:

Tertullian, Adversus Praxean (ed. E. Evans)

*———De Carne Christi (ed. E. Evans)

Hilary, De Trinitate X (C.C.S.L., Vol. LXIIA)

Augustine, De Trinitate IV (C.C.S.L., Vol. L)

———Epistle 137 (Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum, Vol. XXXXIIII)

———Sermons 186, 187 (Migne, P. L., Vol. 38)

Leo 1, Tome (ed. T. H. Bindley, Oecumenical Documents)

———Sermon 8 (XXVIII) (S.C., Vol. 22)

3. Either one long essay of 10,000-15,000 words or three short essays of up to 5000 words each on (a) topic(s) falling within the patristic era and approved by the Graduate Studies Committee not later than sixth week of Trinity Term in the candidate’s first year of study.

Section B—History of Doctrine: Scholastic Theology

1. Doctrine and Methods. To be studied in relation to such works as: Anselm, Proslogion ———Cur Deus Homo Abelard, Sic et Non The Gloss on Romans Bernard, De Gratia et libero arbitrio Hugh of St Victor, De sacramentis christianae fidei Peter Lombard, IV Libri Sententiarum, Bk. IV Bonaventure, De reductione artium ad theologiam ———Breviloquium Albert, In librum Dionysii de mystica theologia Bacon, Compendium studii theologiae Scotus, Prologue to the Ordinatio.
2. The Thought of Aquinas.
An examination containing essays and passages for comment will be set. The prescribed texts for the examination (in Latin) are: Summa Theologiae: Prima Pars, qq. 1-2, 12-13, 43; Prima Secundae, Prologue, qq. 6-10*, 18-21, 106-14; Secunda Secundae, qq. 23-7; Tertia Pars, Prologue*, qq. 7-8*, 46-9, 60-5, 75-6.
3. Either one long essay of 10,000-15,000 words or three short essays of up to 5000 words each on a topic/topics falling within the scholastic era and approved by the Theology and Religion Graduate Studies Committee not later than sixth week of Trinity Term in the candidate’s first year of study.

Section C—History of Doctrine: Reformation Theology

1. Theology in Western Europe from Gabriel Biel to Jacob Arminius. This will be examined by a set paper. Candidates will be expected to show familiarity with the tenets of the most seminal theologians of this era and to discuss them in relation to the political, social and economic tendencies of the age.
2. Protestant and Tridentine Teaching on the Doctrines of Grace, Freewill and Predestination.
An examination containing essays and passages for comment will be set. The prescribed texts, to be studied in Latin where that was the original language, are: *Luther, Lectures on Romans, chapter 8 (1515-16) (Weimar Ausgabe (W.A.) LVI) (Scholia) *———Disputation against Scholastic Theology (1517) (W.A. I 221-8). *———The Heidelberg Disputation (1518) (W.A. I 350-65). ———On the Bondage of the Will (1525) (W.A. XVIII 661-699) Calvin, Institutes (1559), II 1-2; III 11-14, 21, 24. Council of Trent, Sessio V (1546), Decretum super peccato originali. ———Sessio VI (1547), Decretum et canones de justificatione.
3. Either one long essay of 10,000-15,000 words or three short essays of up to 5,000 words each on a topic/topics falling within the reformation era and approved by the Theology Graduate Studies Committee not later than sixth week of Trinity Term in the candidate’s first year of study.

Section D—Issues in Theology with special reference to Patristic Theology

Candidates must take papers (1), (3) and one of papers 2(a), 2(b) and 2(c).
1. A paper on Methods and Styles in Theology from 1780 to the Present. Candidates will be expected to discuss problems of theological method, and to show a critical understanding of the main themes in systematic theology, taking account of the impact on Christian theology of contemporary philosophy, critical historical studies, the natural and social sciences, and non-Christian religions and ideologies.
2. Candidates will sit an examination in one of the following:
1. (a) The Development of Christian Doctrine to [Until 1 October 2013: 451 AD] [From 1 October 2013: 787 AD], as prescribed for Paper 1 of Section A;
2. (b) Hellenistic Philosophy and Early Christian Thought, as prescribed for Paper 2a of Section A;
3. (c) Christology of the Patristic Era, as prescribed for Paper 2b of Section A.
Passages for comment on Papers 2b and 2c in Section D will be chosen from the same prescribed texts but in English only.
3. See regulations for Paper 3 in Section A.

Section E—Issues in Theology with special reference to Scholastic Theology

1. Methods and Styles in Theology from 1780 to the Present (as specified for paper 1 of Section D).
2. Either (a) a paper on Doctrine and Methods, as prescribed for Paper 1 of Section B; or (b) a paper on the Thought of Aquinas, as prescribed for paper 2 of Section B. The prescribed texts for Paper 2b, to be studied in English, are: Summa Theologiae Prima Pars qq. 1 Theology 2–11 The God of ‘Classical Theism’ 12–13 Knowing and Naming God, Analogy Theory 27–32 The Doctrine of the Trinity 43 The Mission of the Divine Persons Prima Secundae qq. 6-10 Human Action 18-21 Principles of Morality 90-94 Law and Politics 106-114 Grace and Justification Secunda Secundae qq. 1-2 Faith 23-27 Charity as Friendship Tertia Pars qq. 1 The Purpose of the Incarnation 7-15 Christ's Holiness and Knowledge 46-49 The Passion of Christ 60-65 The Sacraments 75-78 The Eucharistic Presence. in the Blackfriars edition vols. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 48, 49, 54, 56, 58.
3. See regulations for Paper 3 in Section B.

Section F—Issues in Theology with special reference to Reformation Theology

1. Methods and Styles in Theology from 1780 to the Present (as specified for paper 1 of Section D).
2. Either (a) Theology in Western Europe from Gabriel Biel to Jacob Arminius, as prescribed for Paper 1 of Section C; or (b) Protestant and Tridentine Teaching on the Doctrines of Grace, Freewill and Predestination, as prescribed for Paper 2 in Section C. The prescribed texts for Paper 2b, to be studied in English, are: *Luther, Lectures on Romans, chapters 7 and 8 (1515-16) (Library of Christian Classics, Vol. XV) *———Disputation against Scholastic Theology (1517) (LCC, Vol. XVI) *———The Heidelberg Disputation (1518) (LCC, Vol. XVI) ———On the Bondage of Will (1525), Parts I-III (LCC, Vol. XVII) Calvin, Institutes (1559) II 1-2; III 11-14, 21, 24 (LCC, Vol. XX, pp. 241-89, 725-88; Vol. XXI, pp. 920-32, 964-87). Council of Trent, Session V (1546) Decree concerning original sin Council of Trent, Session VI (1547) Decree and canons concerning justification (H. J. Schroeder, Canons and decrees of the Council of Trent: original text with English Translation (1941, pp. 21-3, 29-46)).
3. See regulations for Paper 3 in Section C.

Section G—Modern Theology (1780-the present)

1. Methods and Styles of Theology from 1780 to the Present (as specified for paper 1 of Section D).
2. A set examination on:
1. (a) Modern Theology or
2. (b) Theology and European Thought from 1780 to the Present or
3. (c) Theology and Literature from 1780 to the Present.
3. Either an essay of 10,000-15,000 words or three short essays of up to 5,000 words each on a subject falling within one of the three options specified under (2) and approved by the Theology and Religion Graduate Studies Committee not later than sixth week of Trinity Term in the candidate’s first year of study.

Ecclesiastical History

Candidates will be required to offer three papers in addition to the dissertation:

(i) General paper on the Nature and Practice of Ecclesiastical History This paper introduces candidates to the nature of ecclesiastical history as a sub-discipline within History through study of the writing of the History of the Church from the Early Church to the modern day and investigation of shifts in historical method, with particular reference to methodological debates within History since the mid nineteenth century. It aims to introduce students to a range of historiographical approaches to key questions in ecclesiastical history; to foster an awareness of developments in historiography particular over the last 150 years; and to encourage critical reflection on students’ own historical research. Classes are organised chronologically and cover the contemporaneous writing of ecclesiastical history within four broad periods (the early Church; the middle ages; the early modern; the late modern era) and the modern historiography of each of those periods. In the examination candidates will be expected to answer questions on the various understandings of history which have been advanced within Christianity at different periods. They will also be expected to show knowledge of the variety of approaches to historical method which have emerged as a result of the modern professionalisation of teaching and research in history.
(ii) A general paper on one of the following, assessed either by unseen examination or by three essays of up to 5,000 words each:
1. (a) The Early Church AD 200-476
2. (b) The Western Church AD 476-1050
3. (c) The Western Church AD 1050-1400
4. (d) English Church History AD 1066-1272
5. (e) European Christianity AD 1400-1800
6. (f) European Christianity AD 1800-2000

3. Either one long essay of 10,000-15,000 words or three short essays of up to 5,000 words each on a topic/topics falling within the general description of the course and approved by the Theology and Religion Graduate Studies Committee not later than sixth week of Trinity Term in the candidate’s first year of study.

Christian Ethics

All candidates shall offer the following four papers, in addition to the dissertation:
1. (i) Christian Moral Concepts and Methodology: Contemporary and Historical Discussions. Candidates will be expected to show understanding of basic conceptual and methodological issues as these are discussed in relevant classical and contemporary texts. Topics will include: God and the good, natural law, the role of Scripture, divine commands, moral absolutes, consequences and intentions, narrative and virtue, Christian ethics and public discourse.
2. (ii) Select Texts in Christian Ethics I. Candidates will be expected to show careful interpretation of important texts. The selection of texts will vary from year to year and might comprise, e.g. classic expressions of a range of Christian traditions, the works of major theologians, texts on a chosen theme.
3. (iii) Select Texts in Christian Ethics II. Candidates will be expected to show careful interpretation of important texts. The selection of texts will vary from year to year and might comprise, e.g. classic expressions of a range of Christian traditions, the works of major theologians, texts on a chosen theme.
4. (iv) Practical Fields of Christian Ethics: Contemporary and Historical Discussions. Candidates will be expected to show understanding of a range of practical moral issues arising in the following fields: (a) sexual; (b) medical; and (c) political. In any one year only two of (a)-(c) will be studied.
All candidates will be assessed in paper (i) by a written examination; and in each of papers (ii), (iii), and (iv) by one 5,000 word essay. In addition, candidates will be required to write a fourth 5,000 word essay on a topic within the field of any of the papers (i)-(iv). It is expected that students will have identified a subject for their dissertation by the end of Trinity Term in Year 1, and that they will be in a position to submit a title and proposal by the Monday of Week 0 in Michaelmas Term of Year 2. The choice of essay and dissertation topics will be a matter for negotiation between student and supervisor.

Visual, Material, and Museum Anthropology

1. The Social Sciences Board shall elect for the supervision of the course a Standing Committee, namely the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology, which shall have power to arrange lectures and other instruction. The course director shall be responsible to that committee. In order to pass the degree, a student must pass all its assessed components. Where one or more components are failed, the student will be given the opportunity to re-sit or re-submit them once, as the case may be. Any subsequent award of the degree on successful completion of all the assessed components may be delayed by up to three terms, i.e. until the Examination Board next meets.
2. The examinations shall consist of the following:
1. (1) Qualifying Examination  Every candidate will be required to satisfy the examiners in an examination for which, if he or she passes at the appropriate level, he or she will be allowed to proceed to the second year of the M.Phil. Candidates must follow a course of instruction in Visual, Material, and Museum Anthropology for at least three terms, and will, when entering for the examinations, be required to produce a certificate from their supervisor to this effect. The Qualifying Examination shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year in which the candidate's name is first entered on the Register of M.Phil. students or, with the approval of the divisional board, in a subsequent year.  Each candidate will be required to satisfy the examiners in papers 1-4 on the syllabus described in the Schedule for the M.Sc. in Visual, Material, and Museum Anthropology, and governed by regulation 4 for that degree.
2. (2) Final Examination  This shall be taken in the Trinity Term of the academic year following that in which the candidate's name is first entered on the register of M.Phil. students or, with the approval of the divisional board, in a subsequent year.  Each candidate shall be required:
  1. (i) to present himself or herself for written examination in one of the optional areas or topics available for that year in Lists A, B or C, other than that taken by the candidate in the M.Phil. Qualifying Examination the previous year;
  2. (ii) to submit to the Chairman of Examiners not later than noon on Tuesday of the fifth week of Trinity Term an essay of 5,000 words (three copies) in the field of Visual, Material, and Museum Anthropology, on a topic to be selected from a list set by the examiners at the beginning of the third week of Trinity Term (candidates should not duplicate any material already used in their submission for paper 2 in the Qualifying Examination in the previous year);
  3. (iii) to submit a thesis in accordance with the regulations below;
  4. (iv) to present himself or herself for oral examination if required by the examiners.
Thesis
3. Each candidate shall be required to submit a thesis of not more than 30,000 words (excluding references and appendices) on a subject approved by the supervisor. The thesis may be based on the analysis of objects or photographs in the collections of the Pitt Rivers Museum, or a topic from one of the subject areas covered during the qualifying year, including option topics. The candidate shall send to the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology, with the written approval of his or her supervisor, the proposed title of the thesis, by noon on Monday of the second week of Michaelmas Term in the academic year following that in which his or her name was entered on the register of M.Phil. students. The thesis (three copies) must be typewritten and delivered to the Examination Schools, High Street, Oxford, not later than Tuesday of the second week of Trinity Term in the academic year in which the Final Examination is taken. The word count shall be stated on the outside front cover of the thesis.
4. The examiners shall require a successful candidate to deposit a copy of his or her thesis in the Balfour Library. If the thesis is superseded by a D.Phil. thesis by the same student partly using the same material, the Graduate Studies Committee of the School of Anthropology may authorise the withdrawal of the M.Phil. thesis from the Balfour Library. Such candidates will be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for their thesis to be consulted.
5. The examiners may award a distinction for excellence in the whole examination.
6. A candidate who fails any of the component parts of the examination may re-take or re-submit that part of the examination on one occasion only.

Table 24
11. Medieval and Renaissance Latin Hexameter Poetry	α	In Latin:
		1. Walter of Châtillon, Alexandreis Book 10;
		2. Petrarch, Africa Book 9; Bucolicum Carmen 1 and 3;
		3. Vida, Ars Poetica Book 3;
		4. Milton, In Quintum Novembris, Mansus, Epitaphium Damonis.
	β	In translation:
		1. Walter of Châtillon, Alexandreis Books 1-9;
		2. Petrarch, Africa Books 1-8;
		3. Vida, Ars Poetica Books 1-2.

* Even though their first degree is considered to have fitted them to pursue a course of study for an M.Phil. in Celtic Studies candidates may be required to take an intensive course in a Modern Celtic language either in the long vacation prior to their admission or in the long vacation following the third term of their course of instruction.

* See the general regulation concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses. Candidates are reminded that work submitted for the Degree of M.Phil. may subsequently be incorporated in a thesis submitted for the Degree of D.Phil.

† Such candidates will also be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for their theses to be consulted.

* See the general regulation concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses. Candidates are reminded (i) that two copies are required but that one of these may be a reproduction or carbon copy of the other, provided that any maps, diagrams, or other illustrations in the second copy are adequately reproduced, (ii) that the copy of the thesis deposited in the Ashmolean Library shall be the one containing the original illustrations, and (iii) that work submitted for the Degree of M.Phil. may be subsequently incorporated in a thesis submitted for the Degree of D.Phil.

* See the general regulation concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses.

* Lists of texts are available in the Course Handbook.

† Candidates will also be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for the thesis to be consulted.

* Theses must be of not more than 30,000 words and must be typewritten. The thesis must be accompanied by a statement that it is the candidate's own work except where otherwise indicated. See the general regulation concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses. Candidates are reminded that work submitted for the Degree of M.Phil. may subsequently be incorporated in a thesis submitted for the Degree of D.Phil.

* European Literature is taken to extend to literatures outside the continent of Europe but written in a language of European origin, in either North or South America.

† Such candidates will also be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for their theses to be consulted.

* Such candidates will also be required to sign a form stating whether they give permission for their theses to be consulted.

* See the general regulation concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses.

* University classes will be given for only one of these options each year.

† Candidates will also be required to sign a form stating that they give permission for the thesis to be consulted.

† Lists of set texts will be available in the Course Handbook.

* See general regulations for theses and special regulations for theses in Oriental Studies.

† See general regulations for theses and special regulations for theses in Oriental Studies.

* See general regulations for theses and special regulations for theses in Oriental Studies.

† Lists of set texts are available in the Course Handbook.

* See general regulations for theses and special regulations for theses in Oriental Studies.

* See the general regulations concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses. Candidates are reminded that if after completing the M.Phil. they are accepted by the Politics Graduate Studies Committee for registration for the D.Phil., work submitted for the Degree of M.Phil. may subsequently be incorporated in a thesis submitted for the Degree of D.Phil.

* See the general regulation concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses. Candidates are reminded (i) that two copies are required but that one of these may be a reproduction or carbon copy of the other, provided that any maps, diagrams, or other illustrations in the second copy are adequately reproduced, (ii) that if a copy of the thesis is deposited in the Tylor Library it shall be the one containing the original illustrations, and (iii) that work submitted for the Degree of M.Phil. may be subsequently incorporated in a thesis submitted for the Degree of D.Phil.

* See the general regulations concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses.

* See the general regulation concerning the preparation and dispatch of theses. Candidates are reminded that work submitted for the Degree of M.Phil. may be subsequently incorporated in a thesis submitted for the Degree of D.Phil.

* Copies of a translation of this work are available in the Theology Faculty Library.